Browsing by Author "Azad, Abul Kalam"

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Advanced Applications of Carbonaceous Materials in Sustainable Water Treatment, Energy Storage, and CO2 Capture
(MDPI Publications, 2023-05-30) Reza, Md Sumon; Afroze, Shammya; Kuterbekov, Kairat; Kabyshev, Asset; Bekmyrza, Kenzhebatyr Zh.; Haque, Md Naimul; Islam, Shafi Noor; Hossain, Md Aslam; Hassan, Mahbub; Roy, Hridoy; Islam, Md Shahinoor; Pervez, Md Nahid; Azad, Abul Kalam
The demand for energy has increased tremendously around the whole world due to rapid urbanization and booming industrialization. Energy is the major key to achieving an improved social life, but energy production and utilization processes are the main contributors to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Mitigation of the energy crisis and reduction in pollution (water and air) difficulties are the leading research topics nowadays. Carbonaceous materials offer some of the best solutions to minimize these problems in an easy and effective way. It is also advantageous that the sources of carbon-based materials are economical, the synthesis processes are comfortable, and the applications are environmentally friendly. Among carbonaceous materials, activated carbons, graphene, and carbon nanotubes have shown outstanding performance in mitigating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. These three carbonaceous materials exhibit unique adsorption properties for energy storage, water purification, and gas cleansing due to their outstanding electrical conductivity, large specific surface areas, and strong mechanical strength. This paper reviews the synthesis methods for activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, and graphene and their significant applications in energy storage, water treatment, and carbon dioxide gas capture to improve environmental sustainability.
Cash flow management and raw material purchase process of ACI Ltd
(BRAC University, 12/17/2012) Azad, Abul Kalam; Faruqui, Mahatab
CFD modeling of a modified Ahmed Car Body for Reduced Drag
(Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh, 2014-06) Azad, Abul Kalam; Hossain, Prof. Dr. Mohammad Arif
The wake flow behind the car presents the major contribution to a car drag. The flow over a car body is very complex. Hence MOVA consortium partners agreed to study the vehicle shape employed by Ahmed and Ramm (1984), known as Ahmed body. The aerodynamic drag of the body has great impact on the fuel consumption by a car. So for economic and for environmental reasons also drag reduction is very important. The CFD model is used to investigate and for the better understanding of the aerodynamic behavior of the flow in the surrounding area of the vehicle. The development of a good CFD model depends firstly on investigating and selecting the best grid configurations. In this simulation experiment the total element count after final refinement was within an acceptable limit 1.7 to 2 million grids. The performance of a CFD model is not only depends on the number of grids but also on the turbulence model chosen for the simulation. Sometimes on the basis of the turbulence model chosen it is also required to select the roughness height. For the above mention purpose in this simulation study it has been found that a total of 1.7 million grids are suitable and acceptable. To select this number grid dependence test is performed. To choose the turbulence model a comparison among different turbulence models is done. On the basis of Azad et al. (2012) the k-a model, which is better suited, is chosen for the simulations. As k-a model has dependence on the roughness height it was required to choose also. A further study is done to find it and the findings are published. Azad et al. (2013) has shown the results and according to them the selection of the roughness height as 0.0002m is the best choice. Out of the two strategies active and passive, a passive strategy is chosen to reduce the drag over the Ahmed car body. To manipulate the flow insertion of grooves has been considered. The grooves are placed at the top, at the slant, at the top and slant, and at the rear surface of the body. The drag, after modeling the Ahmed body, is then calculated using ANSYS-11. The results thus obtained are compared with the results obtained by Lienhart et al. (2000). It has been found that overall drag has reduced.
Comparison of memory B-Cell immune responses among different age groups after oral cholera vaccination
(BRAC University, 2011-12) Azad, Abul Kalam; Qadri, Dr. Firdausi; Choudhury, Prof. Naiyyum
Infection with Nbrio cholerae Olcauses dehydrating diarrhea, although it is now treatable disease with low case-fatality in settings with appropriate medical care . However, cholera continues to impose considerable mortality in the world ' s most impoverished populations. Natural infections usually give medium range immunity and it has been hypothesized that the protective immunity to V cholerae infection may be mediated by anamnestic memory B-cell responses . An oral cholera vaccine , Dukoral is a killed inactivated vaccine which provides protection against the disease through the development of antigen specific memory B-cells . This study was carried out to compare memory B-cells and serological responses in Bangladeshi healthy young children (2-5 years, n=20), older children (6-17 years , n=20) and adults ( 18-45 years, n=32) after oral cholera vaccination . These responses to cholera antigens including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cholera toxin B subunit (CtxB) were assessed prior to immunization (day 0 ) and then on different study days using polyclonal stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) followed by an enzyme linked immuno spot assay (ELISPOT) procedure. Adult vaccinees developed cholera toxin CT - specific IgA and IgG memory B cell responses by day 30 which remained detectable through at least for 90 days . In case of both younger and older child vaccinees , there was no significant level of CT -specific IgG memory B-cell responses, but the responses tended to be higher at day 30 (P=0.0625) post immunization. However, there was no significant elevation of the magnitude of LPS -specific IgA or IgG memory B-cell responses in any age group of vaccinees . Plasma antibody responses were measured by using the enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) procedure. Adult vaccinees developed plasma CT-specific IgA and IgG for a longer duration of 3 months and 6 months, respectively, whereas these responses were relatively short-lived for the child vaccinees. The response to vaccination was also assessed by using the vibriocidal antibody assay. It was found that adult vaccinees developed high vibriocidal responses throughout the study period of 6 months, whereas these responses persisted for one month in both groups of child vaccinees. These results suggest that adult vacinees confer relatively long-term protection after oral cholera vaccination compared to young and older child vaccinees.
Developing a software for BRAC bank unit/zonal office management system for smooth SME operation
(BRAC University, 2006-07) Azad, Abul Kalam; Shahriar, Md. Sumon
The target purpose of the thesis is to develop a software, which is capable of storing all the information of Customer Relation Officer (CRO), other officials and of Unit offices / Zonal offices and also able to generate the report for Individual staff, Individual unit office or altogether for operating the SME Loan smoothly and properly. I plan to focus on analysis and design of the existing system. A user provides the data of the Customer Relation Officer (CRO), other officials and of Unit offices / Zonal offices along with specifications. The software is responsible for finding a solution. The difficulty of this research project is designing an effective method to resolve the SME loan scheme and to come up with a properly compensated system.
EFFECT OF WASHING ON WEIGHT AND STRENGTH OF MECHANICALLY PRODUCED BLENDED AND 100% COTTON CURTAIN
(Daffodil International University, 2010-01-01) Khan, Md. Abdus Salam; Azad, Abul Kalam; Jafrin, Shamina; Haque, Md. Tahzibul
A research had been taken to find out the suitability of blended curtain in respect to the property of 100% similar cotton curtain. Here, two main factors viz. wt. and strength are taken in to account considering the effect of washing on it. From the test results, it is shown that 50:50/ jute: cotton blended curtain is comparable to the 100% cotton curtain of Tk. 90 /meter. Even better than the properties of 100% cotton curtain of Tk. 60/ meter.
General Banking Activities of EXIM Bank LTD-a Study on Paltan Branch
(Daffodil International University, 2014-09-08) Azad, Abul Kalam
The internship is designed to to bridge the gulf between the theoretical knowledge knowledge and real life experience. It is designed ned to have a practical experience while passingpassing through the theoretical understanding. The The report is the result of 3-month internship program program in EXIM Bank Ltd - Paltan Branch. Branch. Today, necessity of a bank as a financial institution institution is undeniable. These institutions play a hese institutions play a vital role in the field of financial stability of a cy of a country. Banking sector is one of the most stable financial institutions of any economy.
Hydromagnetic flow of Casson nano-fluid across a stretched sheet in the presence of thermoelectric and radiation
(2024-02-15) Yousuf Ali, Md.; Reza-E-Rabbi, Sk.; Firoz Ahmmed, Sarder; Nabi, Md Nurun; Azad, Abul Kalam; Muyeen, S.M.
This work revealed the investigation of the Casson nanofluid flow's MHD (magneto-hydrodynamic) unstable boundary layer characteristics in the simultaneous transmission of thermoelectric and radiation on a stretched sheet. On MHD Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Casson) nanofluid flows, the cumulative impact of radiation and thermoelectricity has been addressed. Thermal radiation, Casson nanofluids, and MHD are pivotal in engineering and industry, transforming applications like heat exchangers, nuclear power plants, thermal energy storage, and advanced drug delivery systems. The problem-related partial differential equations have been formulated with boundary layer approximation. The boundary layer equations have been changed into dimensionless form with the help of appropriate dimensionless variables and parameters. Finite difference techniques have been employed to get the numerical solution via the FORTRAN 6.6a programming algorithm, and the numerical solutions have been illustrated graphically with the support of Tecplot-360 software. The consequences of the numerous parameters have been investigated using a variety of figures, with the amounts of the various parameters being revised. The simultaneous effects of thermoelectric and radiation on primary velocity, secondary velocity, and temperature profiles have been presented and discussed with critical physical properties such as skin friction in addition to Nusselt number. The combined effects of thermoelectric and radiation on streamlines and isotherms have been illustrated with line and contour flood views. The most significant finding is that the collective influence of thermoelectric and thermal radiation impacts promotes the physical phenomena of non-Newtonian (Casson) fluid flow comparatively more than Newtonian fluid flow. For the purpose of creating effective procedures, forecasting flow patterns, and guaranteeing product performance in a variety of industries, it is crucial to explain the Casson fluids. This model can also aid in blood flow simulation and risk assessment for thrombosis and other cardiovascular diseases.
Intestinal obstruction during shigellosis: incidence, clinical features, risk factors, and outcome
(1991-09) Bennish, Micheal L.; Azad, Abul Kalam; Yousefzadeh, David
Neuroprotective Properties of Nigella sativa (L.) Seeds Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats models
(Bangladesh Journals Online (Banglajol), 2018-06) Babar, Zahir Uddin; Azad, Abul Kalam; Sulaiman, Wan Mohd Azizi Wan; Uddin, Jalal; Labu, Zubair Khalid
Neuroinflammation has been closely linked to neurodegeneration that leads to dysfunction of memory and learning where glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) plays important role positively within hippocampus. In experimental neurodegeneration achieved by two-vessel occlusion (2VO) intervention, Nigella sativa (L.) seeds extract (50 mg/kg/day orally) has shown to have anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant properties. The brain hippocampal tissues were humanely collected at the end of 10th treatment week and preserved in Allprotect™ reagent at –80°C. Total RNA was extracted and purified by phenol/chloroform method using kits and reverse transcribed into cDNA and relatively quantified as per ΔΔCq. The NSSE treatment showed significantly (p<0.001) different relative GFAP mRNA expression in the treated group as compared to that of untreated 2VO whilst it was insignificantly (p>0.5) different to that of healthy control (HC). Prolonged or daily treatment with NSSE (Nigella sativa (L.) seeds extract) may provide moderate anti-neuroprotective activity within hippocampus. Full Text Link: ttp://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v17i1.37127
On Distributive Pseudo Complemented Lattice
(Daffodil International University, 2014-07-01) Hasan, Md. Nazmul; Azad, Abul Kalam
In lattice theory there are different classes of lattices known as variety of lattices. Distributive pseudo complemented lattice is one of the large variety. Throughout this paper We discuss pseudo complemented lattice. Pseudo complemented lattice were introduced by H. Lakser [2], [4], K.B.Lee [6]. In this paper we have studied pseudo complemented lattices and generalized Stone.
Riverine passenger vessel disaster in Bangladesh : options for mitigation and safety
(BRAC University, 2009-09) Azad, Abul Kalam; Mallick, Fuad H.
Bangladesh is a riverine country and waterways are very important means of communication in this region. Since long, traditionally river network has been regarded as safe and cost-effective route especially in the southern part of Bangladesh. Every year around 87.80 million passengers are carried through this route (Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority). This important mode of transport is ridden with tragic disasters every year, incurring a heavy toll of human lives. Around 3,869 people have died and 279 gone missing in 458 launch disasters since 1976 (Department of Shipping). The in land routes of Barisal, Bhola, Chandpur and Patuakhali and their connected water ways to Dhaka and Chittagong are found to be more accident prone. Boundless operation of unfit vessels, overloading of passenger, recruitment of unskilled crews, poor capacity of relevant government bodies and low standard maintenance of Inland Water Transport (IWT) channels are initiating these deadly accidents. The government's weakness in enforcing laws, mismanagement, negligence and irresponsibility of concern authorities, profit centred attitude of vessel owners, corruption and insufficient budget are the underlying causes of these tragic disasters. The unlimited death causing accidents definitely has a negative impact on this promising sector of transportation. Government is to take immediate measures for establishing risk free riverine transport systems and eradicating irregularities and corruption from this sector for proving sincerity and pro-poor stance. This study is an attempt to identify different factors that causing passenger vessel fatalities and thereby addressing viable options for Bangladesh.
Social Mobility and the Epistemological Hybridity of Madrasah Students in Bangladesh
(Faculty of Business Studies, BUFT, 2021-08-01) Azad, Abul Kalam; Ahmed, Dr. A. I. Mahbub Uddin
Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of social mobility on the epistemological hybridity (eHYBRIDITY) of madrasah students in Bangladesh. Methodology: Based on Cohen's Table (1992), a sample size of 87 was determined: 29 from Qawmii and 58 from Aliya madrasah (29 passed Kamil before 1990, and 29 were present Alim students). To collect data, the study employed a survey method based on 5 point-Likert scales. To analyze data, the study used SmartPLS software (Windows Version-3). Findings: The Qawmii model holds that education should be controlled only by religion i.e., Quran, Hadith, Ijma, and Qias (eHYB1) which has a significant association with the achievement of Islamic knowledge (VIS1), disseminating Islamic knowledge (VIS2), and leading Islamic life (VIS3) as well as religious occupation i.e., Imamati/Milad/Waj-nasihat (REL1). The Kamil model holds that education should be focused on religion, but the knowledge of science is not problematic (eHYB2) which has a significant association with VIS1, VIS2, and VIS3 as well as religious occupations i.e., nikah registrar (REL2), teaching religious subjects in madrasah/maktab (REL3) and teaching religious subjects in school/college/university (REL4). Finally, the Alim model holds that education should be integrated having both religious and secular features (eHYB3) which has a significant association with income interest (VIS4), status interest (VIS5), and power interest (VIS6) as well as general occupations i.e., Medicare (GEN5), engineering (GEN6), teaching in university/college (GEN7), BCS cadre (GEN8), jobs in the Organisations of United Nations (GEN9) and Multi-national Companies (GEN10). The study also finds enough predictive power and relevance to explain the eHYBRIDITY of madrasah students in Bangladesh (R2 = 0.710, 0.673, and 0.638 in the respective models). Limitations: The study sample size is drawn using the non-probability technique due to the lack of a database of the target population. Practical Implication: The study will help understand the root causes of the epistemological hybridity (eHYBRIDITY) of madrasah students in Bangladesh and develop the dynamic policies of madrasah education. Originality: This is the first study of the eHYBRIDTY of madrasah students in Bangladesh in the pitch of social mobility.