Browsing by Author "Awal, Md. Abdul"

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EFFECT OF SALINITY ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF TILAPIA FINGERLINGS
(Daffodil International University, 2012-01-01) Awal, Md. Abdul; Kuri, Kartik Chandra; Sarker, Subrata
Fingerlings of tilapia were used to compare the oxygen consumption rates at 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppt salinity. Oxygen consumption of tilapia at 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppt salinity was found 2.14, 0.71, 1.43 and 1.42 ml/liter/h respectively. Oxygen consumption rate thereafter decreased with increasing salinity, although the lowest consumption occurred at 10 ppt. Lower consumption at high salinities might be a result of reduced activity, which in itself was salinitymodulated. The fish in this study were in or near a resting state, and that differences in oxygen consumption rates probably were related to the energetic cost of ionic and osmotic regulation. Again, mechanism in the fill tissue might involve significant energy-consuming processes in different water salinities compared to fresh water.
Epidemiological Investigation of Schistosomosis in Domestic Cattle in Bangladesh
(University of Rajshahi, 2013) Begum, Nurjahan; Mannan, Md. Abdul; Awal, Md. Abdul
Bovine schistosomiasis is a disease of great economic importance in cattle production resulted from infection by helminth parasite of the genus Schistosoma. An epidemiological study of bovine schistosomiasis was conducted in Mymensingh, Netrokona, Kishorgonj, Chittagong and Sirajgonj areas of Bangladesh. On farm and abattoir survey were done to find out the risk factors associated with epidemiology, abundance of vectors and their relationship with temperature and rainfall during September 2009 to August 2011. Epidemiological data were collected from five different agro-ecological zones and schistosomiasis was found as one of the major bovine parasitic diseases. Among the different areas Sirajgonj district, male, adult animal and rainy and summer seasons were identified as significant risk factors for bovine schistosomiasis by egg (egg per gram of feces) count in Bangladesh. Among the three species of mostly common schistosomes in Indian sub-continent two species of were recorded during this period. Schistosoma indicum (29.9%) were the most common species than Schistosoma Spindale (10.6 %). Based on fecal egg examination a significant variation in the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis were observed according to districts, ages, breeds, sexes, physical conditions, fecal consistency, sanitations, grazing, diets, de-worming, farming systems and seasons. Mesenteric blood vessels examination showed higher prevalence (48.0%) than fecal examination (33.2%). A significant variation in the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis was observed according to regions and seasons. The highest number of total schistosomes counted from one mesenteric blood vessel was 322 and lowest was 18. In the study of intensity 27.4% of the mesenteric blood vessels showed moderate intensity (21-100 pair) which were statistically significant than low and heavy worm intensity. In order to find out the role of vector host snails were examined and 3.8% were found positive for cercariae of schistosomes of cattle with seasonal variation. Among the three different types of snails Indoplanorbis exustus played the dominant role followed by Lymnaea luteola and L. auricularia for shedding of Furcocercus cercariae. The shedding of Schistosoma spp. carcariae was significantly higher (P<0.01) during rainy season. The miracidial hatchability study clearly showed that miracidia hatching increases with the decreasing age of cattle. This observation clearly indicates that young animal plays an important role in the transmission cycle. Though clinical signs were not observed but histopathology of liver, small intestine and large intestine showed slight to moderate parasitic granulomas produced by the S. indicum eggs and adult parasites. Two simple methods such as egg detection method and miracidia hatching test was of great help in performing a proper diagnosis and fair assessment of schistosomiasis in the field. It may be concluded that schistosomiasis in cattle could be listed among the infectious diseases with special care because of climate change in the future which will severely affect the disease transmission dynamics. This study indicated that treatment of the infected animal with proper anthelmintic at the end of summer and restrict their movement nearer to water reservoirs could reduce the infection rate to a greater extent.
Model Based ECG Denoising Using Discrete Bionic WaveletTransform
(Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh., 2011-12) Awal, Md. Abdul; Ahmad, Prof. Dr. Mohiuddin.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a measurement of bio-electric potential produced by rhythmical cardiac activities, contraction and relaxation of the cardiac muscle produced at sinoatrial (SA) node. This electric potential associated with the cardiac cycle can be detected at the surface of the body, amplified and recorded as a time record of each cardiac cycle. Different cardiac function such as heart rate, abnormality of rhythm can easily be identified by ECG and it is a low cost tools in the medical diagnostic system. Therefore, ECG signal modeling and processing is one of the most significant topic in biomedical signal analysis. Most of the ECG models are complex and their computational time is high. In this research, a Gaussian wave-based model is proposed which can simulate ECG wave as well as its P, Q, R, S and T components individually. In addition, dynamically shifting baseline of the model reduces the preprocessing of ECG signal. The coefficient of the model is calculated by nonlinear least square technique using Gauss-Newton algorithm.The model fits well with real ECG by Normalized Root Mean Square error (NRMSE) of 0.0034 at the normal condition. Further analyses have been performed to evaluate the models ability of representing the different cardiac Dysrhythmias like atrial fibrillation,brachycardia and tachycardia successfully. For better model fitting denoised ECG plays a significant role. Bionic wavelet Transform (BWT) is based on auditory model but it is not efficient for ECG signal processing since ECG is generated from the heart. So for denoising ECG, a new adaptive wavelet transform is developed based on heart- arterial interaction model. Adaptability is adjusted instantaneous amplitude of the signal and its first-order difference. The automatically adjusted resolution is achieved by introducing the active control mechanism of the cardiac system into the wavelet transform. It is very hard to know what entropy function used in the bio-system. This is the problems of other transforms. But, the discrete BWT uses active control mechanism in the cardiac system to adjust the wavelet function rather than entropy function as criterion. Moreover, due to various oscillating behavior of different types of ECG signal constant Quality factor (Q) of wavelet is not as effective as variable Q. is changed with the instantaneous value of a signal and it will make BWT more adaptive compared to Tunable The variable Q Q wavelet transform (TQWT). As in variable Q-wavelet transform like DBWT which is he discrete version of BWT, is changed with the instantaneous value of a signal and its first order difference instead of Q-factor is tuned to a fixed value in TQWT. In addition, our proposed modified S-median thresholding technique has an adjustable factor and introduced in the system for better performance. In order to compare DBWT with other wavelet transform, experiments on traditional WT, multi- Q adaptive BWT, TQWT were conducted on both constructed signals and real ECG signals. The results show that novel DBWT performs better than these three wavelet transforms, and is appropriate for cardiac signal processing, especially over noisy environment.