Browsing by Author "Amjad, Mohammad"

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    Codon Usage Is Influenced by Compositional Constraints in Genes Associated with Dementia
    (Daffodil International University, 2022-08-09) Alqahtani, Taha; Khandia, Rekha; Puranik, Nidhi; Alqahtani, Ali M; Chidambaram, Kumarappan; Amjad, Mohammad
    Dementia is a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive decline, and the symptoms could be gradual, persistent, and progressive. In the present study, we investigated 47 genes that have been linked to dementia. Compositional, selectional, and mutational forces were seen to be involved. The influence of these two compositional constraints on codon usage bias (CUB) was positive for nucleotide A and negative for GC. Nucleotide A also experienced the highest mutational force, and GC-ending codons were preferred over AT-ending codons. A high bias towards GC-ending codons enhanced the gene expression level, evidenced by the positive association between CAI and GC-ending codons. The unusual behavior of TTG codon showing an inverse relationship with GC-ending codon and negative influence of gene expression, a behavior contrary to all other GC-ending codons, shows operative selectional force. Furthermore, parity analysis, higher translational selection value, preference of GC-ending codons over AT-ending codons, and the association of gene length with gene expression refer to the dominant role of selection pressure with compositional constraint and mutational force shaping codon usage.
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    Natural Therapeutics and Nutraceuticals for Lung Diseases
    (Daffodil International University, 2022-05-20) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Bibi, Shabana; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Rahman, Firoza; Islam, Fahadul; Khan, Muhammad Saad; Hasan, Mohammad Mehedi; Parvez, Anwar; Hossain, Md. Abid; Maeesa, Saila Kabir; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Najda, Agnieszka; Al-malky, Hamdan S.; Mohamed, Hanan R.H.; AlGwaiz, Hussah I.M.; Awaji j, Aeshah A.; K., Mousa O. Germoush; Kensara, Osama A.; Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M.; Saeed, Mohd; Amjad, Mohammad
    Background Lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections like influenza, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma and pneumonia lung cancer (LC) are common causes of sickness and death worldwide due to their remoteness, cold and harsh climatic conditions, and inaccessible health care facilities. Purpose Many drugs have already been proposed for the treatment of lung diseases. Few of them are in clinical trials and have the potential to cure infectious diseases. Plant extracts or herbal products have been extensively used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Indian Ayurveda. Moreover, it has been involved in the inhibition of certain genes/protiens effects to promote regulation of signaling pathways. Natural remedies have been scientifically proven with remarkable bioactivities and are considered a cheap and safe source for lung disease. Methods This comprehensive review highlighted the literature about traditional plants and their metabolites with their applications for the treatment of lung diseases through experimental models in humans. Natural drugs information and mode of mechanism have been studied through the literature retrieved by Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Scopus and Medline PubMed resources against lung diseases. Results In vitro, in vivo and computational studies have been explained for natural metabolites derived from plants (like flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids) against different types of lung diseases. Probiotics have also been biologically active therapeutics against cancer, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiviral, and antioxidants associated with lung diseases. Conclusion The results of the mentioned natural metabolites repurposed for different lung diseases especially for SARS-CoV-2 should be evaluated more by advance computational applications, experimental models in the biological system, also need to be validated by clinical trials so that we may be able to retrieve potential drugs for most challenging lung diseases especially SARS-CoV-2.