Browsing by Author "Amin, Md Al"

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Alkaloid-based modulators of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway for cancer therapy: Understandings from pharmacological point of view
(Scopus, 2024) Mokhfi, Fatima Zohra; Amin, Md Al; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Sweilam, Sherouk Hussein; Arjun, Uppuluri Varuna Naga Venkata; Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar; Vallamkonda, Bhaskar; Balakrishnan, Anitha; Challa, Manjula; Singh, Jyoti; Prasad, P. Dharani; Ali, Syed Salman; Ahmad, Irfan; Doukani, Koula; Emran, Talha Bin
This review aims to summarize the role of alkaloids as potential modulators of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAMT) pathway in cancer therapy. The PAMT pathway plays a critical role in cell growth, survival, and metabolism, and its dysregulation contributes to cancer hallmarks. In healthy cells, this pathway is tightly controlled. However, this pathway is frequently dysregulated in cancers and becomes abnormally active. This can happen due to mutations in genes within the pathway itself or due to other factors. This chronic overactivity promotes cancer hallmarks such as uncontrolled cell division, resistance to cell death, and increased blood vessel formation to nourish the tumor. As a result, the PAMT pathway is a crucial therapeutic target for cancer. Researchers are developing drugs that specifically target different components of this pathway, aiming to turn it off and slow cancer progression. Alkaloids, a class of naturally occurring nitrogen-containing molecules found in plants, have emerged as potential therapeutic agents. These alkaloids can target different points within the PAMT pathway, inhibiting its activity and potentially resulting in cancer cell death or suppression of tumor growth. Research is ongoing to explore the role of various alkaloids in cancer treatment. Berberine reduces mTOR activity and increases apoptosis by targeting the PAMT pathway, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Lycorine inhibits Akt phosphorylation and mTOR activation, increasing pro-apoptotic protein production and decreasing cell viability. In glioblastoma models, harmine suppresses mTORC1. This review focuses on alkaloids such as evodiamine, hirsuteine, chaetocochin J, indole-3-carbinol, noscapine, berberine, piperlongumine, and so on, which have shown promise in targeting the PAMT pathway. Clinical studies evaluating alkaloids as part of cancer treatment are underway, and their potential impact on patient outcomes is being investigated. In summary, alkaloids represent a promising avenue for targeting the dysregulated PAMT pathway in cancer, and further research is warranted.
Alkaloid-based Modulators of the PI3K/AKT/MTOR Pathway for Cancer Therapy: Understandings from Pharmacological Point of View
(Elsevier, 2024-10-01) Mokhfi, Fatima Zohra; Amin, Md Al; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Sweilam, Sherouk Hussein; Arjun, Uppuluri Varuna Naga Venkata; Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar; Vallamkonda, Bhaskar; Balakrishnan, Anitha; Challa, Manjula; Singh, Jyoti; Prasad, Dharani; Ali, Syed Salman; Ahmad, Irfan; Doukani, Koula; Emran, Talha Bin
This review aims to summarize the role of alkaloids as potential modulators of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAMT) pathway in cancer therapy. The PAMT pathway plays a critical role in cell growth, survival, and metabolism, and its dysregulation contributes to cancer hallmarks. In healthy cells, this pathway is tightly controlled. However, this pathway is frequently dysregulated in cancers and becomes abnormally active. This can happen due to mutations in genes within the pathway itself or due to other factors. This chronic overactivity promotes cancer hallmarks such as uncontrolled cell division, resistance to cell death, and increased blood vessel formation to nourish the tumor. As a result, the PAMT pathway is a crucial therapeutic target for cancer. Researchers are developing drugs that specifically target different components of this pathway, aiming to turn it off and slow cancer progression. Alkaloids, a class of naturally occurring nitrogen-containing molecules found in plants, have emerged as potential therapeutic agents. These alkaloids can target different points within the PAMT pathway, inhibiting its activity and potentially resulting in cancer cell death or suppression of tumor growth. Research is ongoing to explore the role of various alkaloids in cancer treatment. Berberine reduces mTOR activity and increases apoptosis by targeting the PAMT pathway, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Lycorine inhibits Akt phosphorylation and mTOR activation, increasing pro-apoptotic protein production and decreasing cell viability. In glioblastoma models, harmine suppresses mTORC1. This review focuses on alkaloids such as evodiamine, hirsuteine, chaetocochin J, indole-3-carbinol, noscapine, berberine, piperlongumine, and so on, which have shown promise in targeting the PAMT pathway. Clinical studies evaluating alkaloids as part of cancer treatment are underway, and their potential impact on patient outcomes is being investigated. In summary, alkaloids represent a promising avenue for targeting the dysregulated PAMT pathway in cancer, and further research is warranted.
An Evaluation of the secondary school textbook English For Today (class IX-X) in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2020-10) Oishi, Alifa Reza; Amin, Md Al
This study examines the role of the textbook English for Today in the context of teaching English in Bangladesh, specifically at the secondary school level (Class IX-X). Textbooks is one of the important elements in teaching, especially in developing countries where resources are difficult to obtain and often teachers are not trained enough to adopt suitable teaching materials. Textbooks are also considered essential for teaching in such contexts as these are systematic, easy to obtain both by teachers and students, developed and reviewed by the experts, published nationally and aligned with the national test. However, adopting a suitable textbook, that offer ample learning opportunities and that are attractive to students and teachers, is very important. This study, qualitative in nature, critically evaluate the textbook English for Today (Class IX-X). An evaluation criteria based on the published research of Garinger, 2000 & Miekley 2005 is used to evaluate this textbook. This is supplemented by teachers’ and students’ opinion. Based on the data I have provided a holistic picture of this widely used textbook. Finally I expect that this study will work as a guideline to make use of the full potential of a good textbook, which will ultimately help teachers and learners at the secondary schools in Bangladesh.
Challenges of learning spoken English in Bangladesh: A comparative study of English major and non-major university students
(BRAC University, 2021-05) Sadaf, Maisha; Amin, Md Al
This study deals with the challenges students face in spoken English. Learning spoken English is essential for self-expression. Good command over spoken English is one of the important skills for the students who want to build up their career in modern life. The main aim of this research is : how an English language learner could become a fluent English speaker. The objective of this study is to identify the conditions of the English language learners who enjoy institutional facilities more than the learners without institutional facilities. A mixed methods research design is employed to carry out this research. Both qualitative and quantitative data have been used, however, much more importance has been given on qualitative rather than quantitative data. The English major students due to classroom advantages get more chances to participate in the training on English speaking skill which help them to develop their fluency in spoken English. By contrast, the English non-major students do not get enough opportunities to do English language courses from their departments. As a result, the English non-major students face more challenges than English major students in learning spoken English. The study also reveals some other factors that help English major students to develop better spoken English than the non-major English students. At the end based on the study some recommendations are made which may helpful for various stakeholders.
Code switching on social media among private university students of Bangladesh: a case study
(BRAC University, 2021-09) Baidya, Shuvrajit; Amin, Md Al
Code-switching has become a common phenomenon in Bangladesh particularly among the teenagers. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp etc. gains a huge popularity in Bangladesh. As social media itself is informal in nature, social media users tend to switch codes frequently in their conversation, particularly the trends have seen among private university students. As English is the medium of instruction in almost all the private universities in Bangladesh, students from these universities tend to switch codes more often. This study critically explored the nature of code-switching among private university students of Bangladesh. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews and analyzing various textual data from social media conversation. The result revealed that private university students have used tag switching, intra-sentential switching, inter-sentential switching and intra-word switching in their social media conversation. The study also has found that students switch codes in social media for communication purposes, not for showing mastery of English language. They do believe using English in social media posts can draw attention of others. The result also showed that code-switching does have negative impact on the Bangla language.
English in the Linguistic Landscape of Dhaka City: A Case Study
(BRAC University, 2020-10) Tasnim, Nazifa; Amin, Md Al
This study examines the linguistic landscape of selective parts of Bangladesh’s capital, Dhaka, especially the use of English in various visible places. The study explores English is being exercised by a Bangladeshi society especially in its visibly written form. Linguistic landscape is an important phenomenon as it gives a visual representation of a city’s language. Data for this research are collected through capturing still pictures of some of the important places of Dhaka city. This perceived notion is further being analyzed by keeping the locality of both the city and the city dwellers in mind. The findings also demonstrate the visual representation of English in various domains. Selective photos which represent linguistic landscape of the city are analyzed with the backdrop of socio-linguistic and socio-cultural aspects. Those photos were mostly clicked in person within a time-lag (2019-2020). It features the words, textual language, images, both signs and symbols exposed in public. This research with its focus on the diversified usage of the international language, English by this community people offers completely new fresh insights to the world-study of this language. It calls for the readers to take pause for a while from their busy schedules and think what this enigmatic city, Dhaka has to offer within its local language ecology.
Examination culture in Bangladesh: impact on students, teachers and society
(BRAC University, 2026-02) Akhter, Suhala; Amin, Md Al
The culture of examinations has long embedded in the education system in Bangladesh. Although examinations were first meant to measure the learning process, for a long time getting a good score in the examination become the primary aim of teaching and learning in the classroom. In Bangladesh context, the examinations, particularly the high-stakes examinations have a profound impact on teaching, learning, and society as a whole. This study explores the impact of this culture of examination on students, teachers and the society as a whole. Specifically, this study explores how examination-based education affects the learning behavior, motivation and psychological well-being of students, teaching to the test and the impact on the society. The study further investigates the role of family expectations and social pressure in strengthening exam dependence and advancing inequality in education. The study was conducted using the qualitative approach, taking the form of in-depth interviews with teachers, students and parents. This approach allowed me to document and present the experiences of the participants under the pressure of the exam and how they would see the learning and teaching under the exam-based system. The findings reveal that the high focus on examinations promotes memorization as opposed to in-depth knowledge and critical thinking. Guidebooks, coaching notes and model answers are used by students as a means of delivering good results and this limits creativity and independent thinking. The constant exam stress has adverse effects on the mental health of students, which causes stress, anxiety, emotional burnout, and low motivation to study. There is also pressure on teachers to give high performance in exams, which do not give them a chance to implement creative and student-centered teaching techniques. Furthermore, the curriculum is highly examination based and there is no room to develop skills and have holistic learning. The study also shows that the culture of exam has broader social implications since academic success associates closely with social status and family anticipations. It puts pressure on the students and parents and enhances inequality by prevalence of private coaching. The study concludes that excessive dependence on examinations restricts the real meaning of education and there is need to reform the assessment systems to encourage meaningful learning, creativity, and student wellbeing.
Exploring English language education: challenges, perceptions, and aspirations in Qawmi girls' madrasas - a case study
(BRAC University, 2024-01) Mollika, Sayada; Amin, Md Al
The religious and cultural dynamics of Bangladesh are significantly influenced by madrasa education. More than 1.7 million pupils are being taught at Qawmi Madrasa, with 339,496 of them being girls, or 24.28 percent of the total (BANBEIS, 2022). This qualitative case study explores the attitudes, hurdles, and aspirations related to English language instruction in Bangladesh's Qawmi girls' Madrasas in Dhaka City. Several instructors and students from two distinct Qawmi girls' madrasas in the southern region of Dhaka city are participants in this study; they were chosen using a snowballing sample technique. In order to conduct the study face-to-face semi-structured interviews, field notes, qualitative classroom visits, and researcher’s own observation were conducted then the study findings are presented and analysed thematically. Classroom observation illustrates a deviation from the conventional layouts which give rise to several challenges that are plaguing the Qawmi girls' Madrasa including pedagogical concerns, curriculum and instructional issues, inadequate infrastructure and financial crisis, learner-specific needs in substandard settings. Furthermore, a general lack of positive perceptions towards English language education prevails among teachers and students, with instances of potential positive shifts among students. Finally, while investigating the aspirations of Qawmi girls, it was discovered that traditional religious roles are emphasised as career paths for students among Qawmi teachers; however, findings show that a good deal of students wish to defy the convention and pursue alternative roles.
Exploring the challenges and opportunities of learning English in rural secondary Schools in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2021-05) Akter, Sharna; Amin, Md Al
The purpose of this research is to investigate the problems faced by the rural students, especially rural secondary school students of Bangladesh in terms of learning English. An enormous gulf exists between the urban and rural students in case of available opportunities in education. During this pandemic, this difference has increased in many cases. This study also aims to document some constrains that rural secondary students face in learning English and what can be done to overcome these constrains. A qualitative approach has been adopted to conduct this study and different forms of data were collected for this study. The significance of this research is that it provides a rich picture of the rural students’ struggle to learn English. This study will also be useful to create awareness among rural students, parents and other stakeholders regarding the importance, necessity and value of learning and having good command over English language. Various constrains found in case of learning English in rural schools are presented under three categories. These are student related problems, teacher related problems and infrastructure related problems. Finally some recommendation are suggested based on the results of this study.
Exploring the challenges and possibilities of online assessment amidst the Covid 19: Perspectives from Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2020-09) Farzana, Farha; Amin, Md Al
The main objective of this study is to explore the challenges and possibilities of online assessment, amidst the outbreak of Covid-19 in Bangladesh. This study uses qualitative approach to collect data and analyzes them thematically. In order to achieve the objective of this study, relevant evidence and data have been collected from several teachers and parents of various secondary schools in Dhaka. Therefore, teachers’ and parents’ perspectives and experiences on online-assessment have been discussed throughout this study. Since this study was conducted during the pandemic, the researcher had to depend on online platforms to collect data. The final result suggested that since this is a very new approach towards appraisals, educators are facing few challenges and barriers. However, educators are trying to create a system where every student participates do not feel overlooked or neglected. Moreover, educators are hopeful about this new approach in assessments, as they believe that it has also brought some positive changes in our system. Therefore, this study aims to help the stakeholders to comprehend the actual picture of online-assessment along with its challenges and possibilities.
Indigenous languages in Bangladesh & bilingualism: a qualitative study
(BRAC University, 2023-06) Sumayra, Nusrat; Amin, Md Al
Bangladesh is a country of various cultures. People from different cultures reside in Bangladesh. Language is one of the integral parts of culture. Without language a person would be incomplete. There are around forty-two established languages in our motherland. Among these languages, thirty-six languages are spoken by ethnic minority groups who are also known as indigenous people. The other six languages are known as non-ethnic minority languages. This study explores Bangladeshi Indigenous Language and Bilingualism. People who can speak more than one language equally are known as bilingual. Its nature is interrelated with various fields such as anthropology, psychology, linguistics, and the field of communication. As bilingualism is a major part of my thesis paper, I explored bilingual people and their languages. Indigenous people are counted as bilingual because they can speak in two languages, and in this case one is their mother tongue (L1) and another is Bangla (L2). My focus was on how bilingual people acquire two languages at the same time, how proficient they are between L1 and L2 and why they are detached from their mother tongue. The qualitative method is considered to be the most suitable method for this study as I tried to understand the phenomena in details by providing a rich detail. For this research, I interviewed nine indigenous people who belong to different indigenous tribes. Among my participants, some of them are Garo, Chakma, Marma, Hajong etc. Mostly are universities students, few of them are service holders. The output I have finally gotten is that most of my participants are almost detached from their mother tongue because of pursuing education in Bangla and English. Yet, they have a desire to work on their mother tongue so that their mother tongue can be sustained, spread and known worldwide. Because their languages are not used much outside their communities, their languages are not valued in different aspects of lives. Therefore, these languages may be extinct in the future unless proper steps are taken to revive these languages. They want the government of Bangladesh to take initiative to protect their local language otherwise the next indigenous generation will probably lose their ancestors' mother tongue.
Multimodal literacy in higher education: university students' perspective on digital resources in English language learning
(BRAC University, 2025-03) Hoque, Mahbuba; Amin, Md Al
In the digital age, English language learning has evolved with multimodal literacy, integrating text, images, audio, music, animated images or videos and other interactive elements. The increasing significance of multimodal literacy for communication is leading to a growing body of research to address the differing potential of modes and their intramodality of making meaning. This study attempts to examine role of multimedia resources in student engagement, active learning, skill development, accessibility challenges and cognitive overload. Employing a qualitative, phenomenological research approach, the study explores university students’ experiences with videos, podcasts, online platforms, AI driven language tools, and other interactive digital content. Findings reveal that these resources greatly enhance student motivation, comprehension, and practical language skills by offering interactive and contextualized learning experiences. Digital tools such as videos and podcasts improve listening skills, while AI based conversation tools like ChatGPT boost speaking fluency. Furthermore, visual learning aid in retention and conceptual understanding, makes complex ideas more accessible. However, despite these benefits, challenges such as connectivity issues, digital literacy gaps, cognitive overload and distractions from nonacademic digital content were identified. The study highlights the need for structured and balanced integration of multimedia-based learning to maximize their educational benefits while minimizing potential drawbacks. It concludes that multimodal literacy can revolutionize language learning, but requires curated materials, improved and student support. Future research should explore long term impacts of multimedia learning on academic performance and develop strategies to mitigate cognitive overload in digital learning environments.
Parental involvement in English language learning in rural areas of Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025) Sultana, Nur E Afrin; Amin, Md Al
This study explored how rural Bangladesh parents involve in English learning journey of their children. Effective English skills have great significance to success in advanced learning and better employment opportunity throughout the world. However, it is difficult to impart English as skillfully in Bangladesh's underprivileged village environments. This is because most parents themselves do not have much institutional education; they lack financial stability, and they simply do not understand how to assist their children with a comparatively complex subject like English. The main objective of this research was to explore factors that stand against for parents to engage in their children’s education particularly in case of English. While many studies point out the importance of parental help in general, there are not so many that have been focused on how they help with a foreign language such as English, which most parents are themselves unable to speak or even understand. An in-depth, qualitative research approach was used for this study which involved conducting twelve interviews with parents whose children are enrolled in secondary school (high school) in semi-urban and rural Bangladesh. Specifically, they were asked regarding the types of help they provide, difficulties they encounter in engaging in their children’s education, their individual ideas and perception about English, and the steps they would aspire to take with an aim to help their children. Findings show that parents help in many ways mainly based on their own educational background. Parents with limited or no formal education mostly helped by making sure children finished homework, reading to them, and giving overall encouragement. They most often reported that they could not do anything else as they had a "lack of knowledge" or were "illiterate" in English. Parents who had attended secondary school, however, were able to give more direct academic support, to help with grammar and spelling errors. In short, the study highlights the fact that while parents really do believe English is essential in their children's future lives, their ability to help is greatly negated by their own ability and lack of proper guidance or materials where they live. These results are important for educators and education policy makers because they imply the value of uncomplicated, focused, and practical parent participation programs that can have an impact on enhancing English achievement among rural students.
Preschool teaching and learning: a case study exploration in Dhaka
(BRAC University, 2022-09) Zabin, Naz E; Amin, Md Al
This case study investigates preschool teachers’ strategies to regulate a successful learning environment in preschool. These are manifest through an observational journey in a preschool located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The purpose of the study was to describe how teaching and learning are conducted in a student-centered learning environment. The study was accountable to find out three major components: firstly, plan, implementation, and assessment of preschool teaching and learning; secondly, the impact of the preschool environment on children’s thinking ability; and, thirdly, the use of technology in preschool. In order to present the description of teaching and learning based on the three components, a case study methodology was applied. With an aim to keep the objectivity and complete representation of the data, the researcher gathered the data from multiple sources: five preschoolers, two preschool teachers, and an early childhood specialist who is also the director of the school. The observation and interaction with the participants occurred in a learning environment. The study findings reveal how the pre primary education system varies from the traditional academic education system. How ‘learning through play’ is being incorporated to engage students and to promote early development was an important aspect found in ‘learning’. These outcomes were described in detail by linking with several studies on early childhood programs.
Shifts in assessment in higher education: students’ and teachers’ perceptions
(BRAC University, 2023-05) Mitul, Ummy Fahmida; Amin, Md Al
Educational Assessment has immense impact on students‟ academic lives and careers. In the higher educational scenario, assessment determines the potentiality and required skills of the graduates. In the context of Bangladesh, students and teachers are mostly dependent on traditional pen and paper examination. Apart from traditional examination, a wide range of non-conventional assessment techniques can be applied to assess the students holistically. This study aims to explore the assessment practice in the higher education from students‟ and teachers‟ perspectives. I employed qualitative method to provide insights into the phenomena. The participants of this study were16 students and 4 teachers from different disciplines of a private university in Dhaka. In order to conduct the research, the participants were interviewed face to face through semi structured interview and the interview data has been presented thematically. The findings of the study revealed that the students and teachers have positive attitude towards alternative assessment methods. Alternative assessment methods develop their critical thinking skill, promote collaborative learning, facilitate students empowerment and less stressful as mentioned by the participants. Conversely, the participants pointed out some difficulties with these forms of assessment system including unfamiliar and new method, misuse of technology, time consuming, unethical act by the students, procrastination and so on. Moreover, the results indicated that virtual teaching learning and online assessment methods in the time of COVID 19 lockdown taught many lessons which lead to a transition from traditional pen and paper based examination to various kinds of alternative methods.
Speaking anxiety of university students and their strategies to overcome anxiety
(BRAC University, 2023-03) Ferdous, Jannatul; Amin, Md Al
When a student gets into University, they have to quickly adapt to using English because academic tasks are conducted in English. From communicating with the teacher inside the classroom to doing several oral presentations, students need to use English. Speaking in English could be a matter of anxiety as it is a foreign language for Bangladeshi students. Thus freshman students with speaking anxiety can go through various academic challenges. It is necessary to learn in which situations students encountered speaking anxiety. Moreover, students can be seen speaking in English confidently over time. Therefore, it is also crucial to find strategies to overcome speaking anxiety. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to explore students’ experience of speaking anxiety and their journeys to get rid of it. A qualitative method had been used for this study so that the experience of students can be explored in depth. Ten students from the tertiary level were interviewed individually to explore their English-speaking experience. The interview transcripts were then analyzed to find out major themes. From the thematic analysis, it was found that students felt speaking anxiety when they had to do oral presentations and communicate using English in the classroom setting. In addition, speaking anxiety occurred due to fear of being judged by classmates, afraid of being negatively evaluated, comparing their proficiency level to others, and lacking the confidence to speak up. Lastly, it was also found that students use strategies such as practising in front of the mirror, with peers, and taking help from online media. This research can help EFL teachers to understand their students better to reduce speaking anxiety and improve anxiety-free classroom settings.
Students’ and teachers’ perceptions regarding the implementation of the revised curriculum in class seven
(BRAC University, 2024-05) Nosin, Mst. Ashiana; Amin, Md Al
The study examines the perspectives of teachers and students regarding the newly introduced curriculum in Class Seven. It also examines teachers’ understanding of the new curriculum and how they are implementing the new curriculum at class VII. According to the National curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB), A new secondary curriculum is developed and it is initially started to implement in class VII. Under the new curriculum the government has envisioned a paradigm shift in teaching and assessment. A number of initiatives have been taken to implement the new curriculum including training teachers, re-designing textbooks, formulating a new assessment policy, and changes in the teaching learning activities. Students are also experiencing a number of changes in learning activities including more group and pair works, project-based tasks, take home assignments and creative activities. It has already started enhancing students’ interest in learning and encourage them to explore more in the future. While this study reports a number of benefits in implementing the new curriculum, it has also reported some challenges and drawbacks. The study was carried out using a qualitative method where in depth data were collected from six participants: two teachers and four students from different school who participated in semi-structured, face to face interviews. The data were then analysed thematically. The conclusion drawn from the findings shed light upon the uncovering significant benefits, challenges and strategies to address them. Additionally, this study aimed to gather perspectives and possible solutions from students and teachers regarding the new curriculum and its consequences. This research will have impact on various aspects including curriculum development, students learning process, teacher development and education policy.
Sustainable automated carton making factory: How value for money procurement can add value to the Palmal group of Industry and gain competitive advantage. (2019)
(BRAC University, 2020-04) Amin, Md Al; Ferdous, Farhana
Bangladesh is the second largest Ready-made Garments (RMG) exporter in the world and Palmal group of Industries takes the pride of being 2 nd biggest RMG manufacturer in the country. As on 2018 the “yearly turnover” of the industry was $292 USD with 58 operating factories. Few more projects are ongoing and “Sustainable” Palmal automated carton factory is one of them. However, before starting the project and from procurement perspective, we have conducted numerous studies on its establishment. Amongst those “Feasibility report”, “Value chain analysis”, “Product category management”, projects “Sustainability” and its management analysis are mostly mentionable. “Financial analysis” shows its own capability of financing the whole project, “Peter kraljic model” shows that how it will manage its category wise product, “Value chain analysis” model shows that how much value it will be adding to the industry with the establishment of the project and “Sustainability” analysis shows that how it will be accepted by its stakeholders as sustainable project. We have maintained different constructive ways of collecting required data. Real data was collected mostly from the “supplier base”, Director & management team of the industry, one to one interviews with technical personnel and field workers. Based on all analyses, we have a come to a conclusion saying the project will be a successful one and it will add value to the industry and gain “competitive advantages”.
The impact of high-stake English examination saystem of Bangladesh on students' oral English skills: a qualitative study
(BRAC University, 2024-01) Jahan, Mehenaj; Amin, Md Al
This study examines the high-stake English examination system of Bangladesh and its impact on students’ oral English skills. Every year a lot of students in Bangladesh participate in high-stake exams such as S.S.C, H.S.C and other admission tests. The test result of these exams plays a significant role in students’ subsequent life. In these examinations, almost all cases, students reading and writing skills are assessed. However, there is no provision to assess students’ oral English skills. Therefore, oral skills are neglected in the classroom both by the teachers and students so that they could focus more on what is important for the examinations. A few researches in Bangladesh context explored the drawbacks of the examination system and the negative washback these exam exert. This qualitative study, based on the students’ and teacher’s voices, explored the impact of these exams on students’ oral English development. The selective participants of this study are from higher secondary level and university level students. The researcher has collected data through interviews and class observation. The data were then analysed thematically. The conclusion drawn from the findings shed light upon the wide mismatch between the curriculum and the testing system, the non-existence of English-speaking environment, learners’ misconception about oral skill learning, prevalent use of old teaching methods, lack of assessment literacy among teachers and the impact these tests exert on students’ oral skill development. The study will have impact on numerous aspects including curriculum development, policy, teacher development, and further research.
The impacts of students’ socio-economic background on English language learning: a study of challenges in rural Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-10) Sultana, Tanci; Amin, Md Al
This qualitative study explored how the socioeconomic background of secondary level students influence their English language learning and the perceptions of students, guardians, and teachers regarding the challenges and opportunities related to English language learning in the rural settings. Fifteen secondary school students, three guardians and three teachers were chosen for semi-structured interviews to collect data for this study. The collected data from the participants were analyzed through coding, categorizing and finding prominent themes. The major findings of this study includes the influences of socio-economic background in English language learning which are availability of resources, access to private tutoring, scaffolding by parents, self-confidence and anxiety and proper food supply. It also includes the student’s, teacher’s, guardian’s perception on the challenges and opportunities of English language learning. The findings of this study can be beneficial for the guardians, educators and policymakers to reform the English language teaching procedure of the rural secondary level students in a more effective way irrespective of their socio-economic backgrounds. Overall, this study is applicable to all the ESOL contexts where the non-native English language learners have to face different problems because of their lower socio-economic backgrounds.