Browsing by Author "Alam, Shah"

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A STUDY ON ISOLATION PURIFICATION IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALLMONELLA ORGANISMS FROM POULTRY
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2009-06) Alam, Shah
The study was conducted for Isolation , purification, Identification & Characterization of Salmonella organisms from poultry species .For this purpose about 50 liver samples were collected from different Broiler & Layer birds suspected to be infected with Salmonella organism based on postmortem lesion. At first Gram staining was performed then the samples were streaked in to MacConkey agar for growth of Salmonella organism. Suspected colonies were collected to produce pure culture. Then the suspected colonies were streaked into S-S agar to grow . The suspected colonies (white color or translucent color with central blackening) were collected and maintained in broth by adding 50% glycerol. The organisms then streaked into TSI agar slant ,then for Biochemical characterization. Finally the organisms were serologically tested to identify serotype with O’ antisera. About 35. samples were found to be Salmonella negative & about 15 samples were found to be Salmonella positive of which 8 Salmonella pullorum &4 Salmonella gallinarum & 3 other than pullorum & gallinarum.
Assessment of the Upazila-level Record-keeping and Reporting System of the Bangladesh Health and Population Sector Programme
(2002) Uddin, A.H. Nowsher; Kabir, Humayun; Alam, Mahbub-ul-; Alam, Shah; Ashraf, Ali
Assessment of the Upazila-level record-keeping and reporting system of the Bangladesh health and populationsector programme
(International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh:Dhaka, 2002) Uddin, A.H. Nowsher; Kabir, Humayun; Mahbub-ul-Alam; Alam, Shah; Ashraf, Ali
Critical Toxicity Level of Arsenic and Elemental Composition of Arsenic-Induced Chlorosis in Hydroponic Sorghum
(Water Air Soil Pollut, 2008) Molla Rahman, Shaibur; Kitajima, Nobuyuki; Sugawara, Reiko; Kondo, Toshihito; Alam, Shah; Huq, S. M. Imamul; Kawai, Shigenao
Physiological and mineralogical responses of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. cv. Fast sorghum) in hydroponic culture at elevated concentrations of arsenic (As) were valuated. Seedlings were grown in the presence of 0, 6.7, 33.5 and 67 µM As levels (0, 0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg As l −1 ) up to 14 days after treatments (DAT). Shoot and root dry matter yield were repressed by higher As levels. At low As level (6.7 µM) shoot dry matter yield was enhanced by 2.3% but at 33.5 and 67 µM As levels, the yield decreased by 52 and 79%, respectively. The root growth was similarly enhanced (8%) at the lower As level while the growth decrement at the higher As levels were 33 and 68%, respectively for the two treatments. Considering 10% dry weight (DW) reduction, the critical toxicity level of As was calculated to be 11.7 µg g −1 DW for shoot and 367 µg g −1 DW for root, indicating that shoot was more sensitive to As-toxicity than root. A whitish chlorotic symptom was observed in the fully developed young leaves at the 67 µM As level. The lowest chlorophyll content was also observed at this As level. Arsenic oncentration increased both in shoot and in root with increase in solution As concentration. The concentrations of As and Fe were about 16, 28 and 17 times; and 2, 25 and 144 times higher in root than shoot at 6.7, 33.5 and 67 µM As levels, respectively. The concentrations of K, Fe and Cu were significantly lower while Ca, Mg and Mn oncentrations were higher in the shoot at the 67 µM As level compared to the control plants. On the other hand, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations were higher in root at the 67 µM As level. In the shoot, accumulation and translocation of metal micronutrients, particularly that of Fe, decreased significantly because of the presence of As. The resent observations suggested that As might induce a toxic effect on sorghum by hampering the translocation of the metal micronutrients. It is suggested that “As-induced e-deficiency” caused chlorotic symptoms in the hydroponically grown sorghum.
Effects of applying calcium salts to coastal saline soils on growth and mineral nutrition of rice varieties
(Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2002) Alam, Shah; Huq, S. M. Imamul; Kawai, Shigenao; Islam, Aminul
Factors affecting Dental caries in Rajshahi Region: It's extent, Consequences June 2020 and Prevention
(University of Rajshahi, 2020-06) Parvin, Farhana; Islam, Wahedul; Alam, Shah
Dental caries or cavity could also be a senous oral pathological state in most industrial countries, poignant 60-90% of school going kids and additionally the overwhelming majority of adults. Oral health standing of vulnerable people in developing countries tends to be lower priority than various health issues. Consequently few studies square measure done on the oral health standing of the agricultural people in developing countries and explore the possibility indicator of cavity tooth decay but no relationship could also be established between drinkable and caries. Throughout this study it had been aimed to prevent cavity by salt and Ca that's available with drinkable. This study was drained upazilla level in rajshahi region. The dust-covered coliform gift within the drinkable in addition a region of the study. Typically this may be usually a cross sectional descriptive type of study. About 540 respondents of 9 upazillas in Rajshahi region were designated and knowledge was collected by a predesigned datasheet. 60 samples of water were collected from the respondents in every upazilla. The information the knowledge the knowledge concerning caries patients was taken within the data sheet. Sample analysis was wiped out 2 classes. One was chemical analysis and alternative was microbiological analysis of the water. The study represent that the Fluoride content in water that was collected from the respondents of various upazillas expressed in table I to 9. The F worth was found 16.126. The many result was found in Tanore, Puthia, Upazilla. Extremely important was discovered in Bagha, Bagmara, Charghat, Durgapar Upazilla. Whereas non-significant result was found in acid, Godagari, Mohonpur Upazilla. The metallic element content in water expressed in table I 0-18. The, F worth was 41.151. The amount of great was totally different in every upazilla. In Godagari Upazilla the result found is critical. In Paba, Bagha, Charghat, Durgapur, Mohonpur and Tanore the result were extremely important. The Fluoride concentration in water samples collected from totally different upazillas ranges from 0.1231 to 2.3254 ppm. Mohanpur Upazilla contains the best quantity of Fluoride and Godagari Upazilla contains rock bottom quantity of Fluoride. The vary between total of sq. and mean sq. is highest in Mohanpur. The metallic element concentration in water sample collected from totally different upazilla ranges from 27. 94 to 71 gm 1-1. Tanore Upazilla contains the best quantity of metallic element and Charghat Upazilla contains rock bottom quantity of metallic element. The vary between total of sq. and mean sq. is highest in Godagari Upazilla. The microbiological analysis that represent the faecal coliforms contamination of water.------
Genetic control of the Growth of Root Nodules and their Relation with yield in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
(University of Rajshahi, 2002) Goni, Md. Osman; Khaleque, M.A.; Alam, Shah; Absar, Nurul
For the ease of study the present work was carried out in three separate sections. Section I: 1t contains the analysis of variance, components of variation, heritability and genetic advance for nine lines in black gram. The twelve quantitative characters such as, date of first flower (DFF), date of maximum flower (DMF), plant height at first flower (PHFF), plant height at maximum flower (PMFF), plant weight at harvest (PWtH), dry plant weight (DPWt), number of false pod per plant (NFPdPP), number of pod per plant (NPdPP), pod weight per plant (PdWtPP), number of seeds per plant (NSPP), seed weight per plant (SWtPP) and 100-seed weight ( I 00-SWt). The collected lines were distinctly different from each other for these characters that justifies their inclusion in the present investigation. The highest phenotypic variation and co-efficient of variability were found for NSPP. The genotypic variation and co-efficient of variability were observed for D50%F and PHFF respectively. The highest heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GA%) with a value of 42.717 and 16.0939 respectively, were recorded for PHFF. High error component of variation causes a low estimation of heritability. Low heritability as well as low values of genetic advance and genetic advance as a percentage of mean were noted for NSPP. Section II: It deals with the analysis of variance with factorial analysis and correlation co-efficient of root length (RL), shoot length (SL), fresh plant weight (FPWt), fresh root weight (rRWt), root volume (RV), nodule number (NN), nodule weight (NWt), number of pod per plant (NPdPP), fresh pod weight (FPdWt), dry pod weight (DPdWt), number of seeds per plant (NSPP), yield per plant (YPP) and I 00-seed weight ( 100-SWt). Analysis of variance indicated that all lines were significant. Factorial analysis indicated that the individual effect of fertilizers is more important for root and shoot characters than yield, while yield itself showed increase response with combined fertilizer dose instead of single dose particularly nitrogen. However, all the root and shoot characters and yield per ii plant except NPdPP and 100-SWt showed the importance of combined dose ie. NPK in black gram. Correlation study indicated that RL showed positive significant correlation with NPdPP and FPdWt. SL exhibited positive significant correlation with FPWt, FRWt and NN. The correlation of FPWt was found to be positively significant with FR Wt, NN, RV and NWt. FRWt showed positively significant correlation with RV. A significant positive correlation was exhibited by NN with NWt, NPdPP, YPP and 100-SWt. The correlation co-efficient of RV was found to be positively significant with NPdPP and FPdWt. NWt showed positively significant correlation with NPdPP, FPdWt, YPP and 100-SWt and negatively significant correlation with NSPP. Section lll: Factorial analysis and analyses of variance, variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as a percentage of mean for the six characters like moisture, dry-matter, protein, free sugar, reducing sugar and vitamin C of root nodules were done in this section. In the analysis of variance for the chemical characters of root nodules the lines (L) were found to be significant in different from each other and dose (D) effects were not found at each stage (S), except reducing sugar for dose and free sugar and reducing sugar for stage. Application of the individual dose, N, K, P and combined dose, NP, PK, NK and NPK have no effect in most of the stages for all the characters. Protein showed the highest PCV and GCV among these chemical characters. All the chemical characters, except moisture and dry-matter for root nodules exhibited high heritability and genetic advance as a percentage of mean. ln the calculation of molecular weight of protein and its bands it was found that lines L20, L11, L14 and L 15 contained mostly similar types of protein in seeds and root nodules. While, similarity in regard of molecular weight of protein and its band for nodule and seeds was found in least number of cases in L1R- Regarding the 18 amino acids detected, in maximum two cases all the nine lines were found to be different. However, glycine, methionine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and arginine were common for root nodules in all the lines. The concentration of bacterial colonies all the nine lines were different. The highest concentration was found for L20 followed by Lis, L15 and L19. With these results lines L20 and L15 may be considered for further breeding research for high yield in black gram.
Mechanism of Potassium Alleviation of Manganese Phytotoxicity in Barley
(Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2005) Alam, Shah; Akiha, Fumihito; Kamei, Shigeru; Huq, S. M. Imamul; Kawai, Shigenao
Manganese (Mn) toxicity and potassium (K) deﬁciency are the major factors that limit plant growth and development in acid soils. The objective of this study was to assess the role of high K on the alleviation of Mn toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. ‘Minorimugi’) grown in a phytotron for 14 d. Modiﬁed half-strength HoaglandArnon solution (pH 5.5) was used as the medium. The treatments were (1) 0.25 µM Mn + 3mMK (control); (2) 25 µMMn+ 3mMK(Mn-toxic); and (3) 25 µM Mn+ 30 mM K (K-alleviated). The Mn-toxic plants showed the symptoms of Mn toxicity and mild iron (Fe) deﬁciency, whereas in the K-alleviated plants such symptoms were absent. The K-alleviated plants had dry weight, chlorophyll content, and Fe concentration similar to that in the control plants, indicating that high K (30 mM) in the growth medium could alleviate Mn toxicity and Mn-induced Fe deﬁciency. Roots of plants fed separately with 54 Mn and 59 Fe in the presence of 3.0 and 30 mM K for 4hwere also studied. Results showed that high K could help in avoiding the accumulation of 54 Mn, indicating that K plays an antagonistic role on Mn absorption by roots of barley and its subsequent translocation to the shoots. However, the absorption of 59 Fe was not inﬂuenced by the high K concentration in a short-term experiment (4 h), indicating that high K does not affect short-term Fe absorption by the roots of barley plants. These results suggested that the alleviating effect of high K could be attributed to the antagonistic effect of K on Mn absorption by roots and translocation into shoots.
Stigma and health care among the Men with the experience Sex with men in Dhaka city
(University of Dhaka, 2015-04-05) Alam, Shah
Health care is one of the basic needs of the human being. Right to health care is recognized globally by the declaration of various international agreements .The right to health is the economic, social and cultural right to a universal minimum standard of health to which all individuals are entitled. The concept of a right to health has been enumerated in international agreements which include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. An alternative way to conceptualize one facet of the right to health is a “human right to health care.” So Men having sex with men (MSM) also deserve the right to health. But stigma plays a significant role as barrier of getting health care services. Bangladesh is a religiously rigid country, so MSM behavior in this country is publicly prohibited religiously, socially and culturally. That‟s why health care services are a crucial issue for the Men having sex with men (MSM). Here health care for the MSM is related to stigma. There are so many studies or research work internationally and nationally on HIV/AIDS related health care services and MSM. But stigma related health care service is ignored in these studies. The researcher could not found any study on this topic, that‟s why the researcher intended to make Stigma and Health care of the Men having sex with men (MSM) as the pivotal area for research. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to explore the lived experiences of MSM with health care, in particular the intersection of health care related stigma with social, behavioral, and health outcomes in Dhaka city. For this thesis, data were collected via semi structured, face-to-face interviews with 73 MSM and case study on 8 MSM living in Dhaka city. Using a descriptive narrative approach, the researcher sought to address the influence of health care related stigma in the lives of these men. Results indicated that MSM participating in this study accessed health services through various agencies. MSM also experienced stigma in multiple and overlapping ways; MSM described stigmatizing experiences stemming from religious sources, communities, family and friends, and from the medical establishment. Moreover, it was revealed that homophobia and HIV-related stigma were related; participants did not differentiate between the two. Homophobia and HIV related stigma were specifically contextualized in relation to urbanity and religiosity. The results within this dissertation are intended to inform health professionals in the planning and implementation of interventions and treatments for this hidden population in Dhaka city. This exploratory thesis provides insight and contextual information for a highly stigmatized population. Lastly, this project provided urban MSM with a voice.