Browsing by Author "Alam, Md. Noor"

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A Review on Indigenous Plants and Their Phytochemicals Used for the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
(Daffodil International University, 22-11-08) Alam, Md. Noor
As a devastating neurological ailment, Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires significant research on appropriate treatment alternatives. The effects of plant extracts on the reduction of AD symptoms have been thoroughly investigated. An important measure of naturally occurring substances and plant extracts with the ability to inhibit the enzyme AChE have been found as a result of the fact that naturally-occurring molecules from plants are thought to be a potential source of novel inhibitors, which, in accordance with the cholinergic hypothesis raises the brain's acetylcholine levels, which enhances cholinergic function. functions in Alzheimer's patients and reduces the symptoms of this neurological condition. Presented here highlights of around 35 studies in all, representing the most significant report papers between 2006 and 2022. plant-derived substances, plant extracts, and essential oils were discovered to cause AChE inhibition in the first semester. These impacts are brought on by plant extracts from a few different species, including Ginkgo Biloba, Corydalis (Papaveraceae), Stephania venosa (Menispermaceae), Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae), Ervatamia hainanensis (Apocynaceae) stems, Curcuma longa, Bacopa monnieri etc. There are many bioactive plants in our country which can cure Alzheimer’s disease by proper using this plant compound. So we should do more research on these bioactive plants.
Emerging Management Approach for the Adverse Events of Immunotherapy of Cancer
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-20) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Behl, Tapan; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Alam, Md. Noor; Islam, Md. Mohaimenul; Albarrati, Ali; Albratty, Mohammed; Meraya, Abdulkarim M.; Bungau, Simona Gabriela
Immunotherapy, which stimulates the body’s immune system, has received a considerable amount of press in recent years because of its powerful benefits. Cancer immunotherapy has shown long-term results in patients with advanced disease that are not seen with traditional chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines like interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN), and the cancer vaccine sipuleucel-T have all been licensed and approved by the FDA for the treatment of various cancers. These immunotherapy treatments boost anticancer responses by stimulating the immune system. As a result, they have the potential to cause serious, even fatal, inflammatory and immune-related side effects in one or more organs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy are two immunotherapy treatments that are increasingly being used to treat cancer. Following their widespread usage in the clinic, a wave of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) impacting virtually every system has raised concerns about their unpredictability and randomness. Despite the fact that the majority of adverse effects are minimal and should be addressed with prudence, the risk of life-threatening complications exists. Although most adverse events are small and should be treated with caution, the risk of life-threatening toxicities should not be underestimated, especially given the subtle and unusual indications that make early detection even more difficult. Treatment for these issues is difficult and necessitates a multidisciplinary approach involving not only oncologists but also other internal medicine doctors to guarantee quick diagnosis and treatment. This study’s purpose is to give a fundamental overview of immunotherapy and cancer-related side effect management strategies.
Exploring the Role of Nano medicines for the Therapeutic Approach of Central Nervous System Dysfunction
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-02) Rhaman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Mim, Mobasharah; Alam, Md. Noor; Nepovimova, Eugenie; Valis, Martin; Kuca, Kamil; Sharma, Rohit
In recent decades, research scientists, molecular biologists, and pharmacologists have placed a strong emphasis on cutting-edge nanostructured materials technologies to increase medicine delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The application of nanoscience for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s disease (HD), brain cancer, and hemorrhage has the potential to transform care. Multiple studies have indicated that nanomaterials can be used to successfully treat CNS disorders in the case of neurodegeneration. Nano medicine development for the cure of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system is critical. Nanoparticles may act as a drug transporter that can precisely target sick brain sub-regions, boosting therapy success. It is important to develop strategies that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and improve the effectiveness of medications. One of the probable tactics is the use of different nanoscale materials. These nano-based pharmaceuticals offer low toxicity, tailored delivery, high stability, and drug loading capacity. They may also increase therapeutic effectiveness. A few examples of the many different kinds and forms of nanomaterials that have been widely employed to treat neurological diseases include quantum dots, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and micelles. These unique qualities, including sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to traverse the BBB when employed in nano-sized particles, make these nanoparticles useful for imaging studies and treatment of NDs. Multifunctional nanoparticles carrying pharmacological medications serve two purposes: they improve medication distribution while also enabling cell dynamics imaging and pharmacokinetic study. However, because of the potential for wide-ranging clinical implications, safety concerns persist, limiting any potential for translation. The evidence for using nanotechnology to create drug delivery systems that could pass across the BBB and deliver therapeutic chemicals to CNS was examined in this study.
Financial effectiveness of sales promotional activities
(BRAC University, 1/17/2016) Alam, Md. Noor; Hossain, Saif
This report is prepared on the basis of my three-month practical experience at “Square Toiletries Limited” one of the largest and leading "Fast Moving Consumer Goods" company in Bangladesh. This internship program helped me to learn about the practical scenario of a Toiletries Company. SQUARE Toiletries Limited is a dynamic and leading countrywide toiletries product manufacturer and also producer. It is another concern company of SQUARE group. Square toiletries limited (STL) started in 1988 as a division and ISO: 9001 certified company. In 1994 square toiletries limited began its journey as a private limited company. This report has been presented based on my observation and experience gathered from the company. The organization has many divisions and departments but the focus is given more on the Accounts and Finance division situated in the SQUARE Centre 8th floor. I got the opportunity to work in “Accounts & Finance” department. The report is based on sales promotion practices and policies At Square Toiletries Ltd. The purpose of the report is to evaluate the sales promotional activity in the company. After experiencing the real scenario of SQUARE Toiletries Limited in terms of their different sales promotional project a lot of recommendations came up. The report also consist recommendations and conclusion according to my point of view, which I think would improve the environment of the organization if implemented.
marriage: A Web App for Online Marriage Registration
(Daffodil International University, 2018-12-10) Ibrahim, Khalilullah Muhammad; Alam, Md. Noor
Our project titled “MARRIAGE: A Web app for Online Marriage Registration” is a web app for Muslim Marriage registration of Bangladesh. Using this application, bridegroom/bride will be able to get married through the marriage register Office or a registered marriage. Now-a-days Computer becomes a part of our life. We can’t think a single moment without our Computer. We are more likely to use our Computer for practical purpose in our daily life. Among these Computer OS, Web has majority percentage. Computer OS is also an open source platform and it has large number of users. For this we thought that we should build something in Web that has practical use to the user. And it will help them in difficult situations. Our app will help you with all the information about Muslim wedding. This will increase the security and decrease crime. It also reduces time. We no need to go to the police station to provide our information and it will reduce harassment. We use Bootstrap, html and CSS for front-end design and Larval for back-end design. We also use My SQL as our main database. This app is very user friendly. After finishing all the task and test process this application proved to be working effectively.
Strategic Management Practices and Organizational Performance of the Listed Pharmaceutical Companies in Bangladesh
(University of Rajshahi, 2015) Alam, Md. Noor; Saha, Abhinaya Chandra
Strategic management helps the organizations to undertake appropriate policy or strategy which will best fit its resources and capabilities. It mainly focuses on the question of why some organizations succeed and others fail. Research in the field of strategic management is rare in developing and less developed countries, though this field is increasing rapidly in developed countries. This research attempts to study strategic management practices with special reference to Pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. Pharmaceutical sector is one of the most developed hi-tech manufacturing industries in Bangladesh. Although, Bangladesh has achieved remarkable success in pharmaceutical industry in the last several years, this sector has been facing many internal and external challenges. The huge size of the companies, generic drug manufacturers, health-care organizations, the cost of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), Research and Developments (R&D), aggressive marketing of competitors, quality issues and compliance with the national and international regulations present many organizational and managerial challenges. To successfully proceed in this competitive market, every organization must take proper policy and strategy among the alternatives which ultimately best impact the organizational performance. Therefore, this study aims at exploring how strategic management is being practiced in pharmaceutical companies and to what extent such practices influence the organizational performance. The specific objectives of this research are to assess the growth and development of Pharmaceutical Industries in Bangladesh; to explore the major characteristics of formulation of strategies at different levels of the listed pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh; to identify the nature of internal factors like strengths and weaknesses and external factors like threats and opportunities that influence the strategic management practices; to identify the nature and extent of implementing the strategies followed by pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh; and to analyze the impact of strategic management practices on the organ Total five companies have been selected for this study among the ten listed companies. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been used for this study. Required data have been collected from both the primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected through questionnaire survey method and secondary data were gathered from the annual reports and Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Bangladesh Association of Pharmaceutical Industry (BAPI) and Directorate of Drug Authority (DDA). This research found that growth rate of pharmaceutical industry was 14.6% in last ten years. The Growth of this sector accelerates employment creation, government revenue and helps to provide a better standard of living to the local people. Pharmaceutical market was dominated by MNCs. - now it shifted to local companies which enjoy about 90% of market share. The country is now almost a self-sufficient in its pharmaceuticals products as 97% of the total drug demand is met by local manufacturers. All the sample companies have formal corporate, business and functional level plans. It is revealed that Board of Directors is involved in formulation of vision and mission statement of all the sample companies. Besides this, corporate level management, Business level manager, corporate planning department and Functional level manager also are involved in different extent to make the organizational strategy. It is found that all types of plan update yearly. Among the analytical tools/techniques, this research found that PEST and SWOT analysis had higher influence on the formulation of company strategies. The strength factors which influence the formulation of company strategies are brand name, good manufacturing process, delivery system, working environment and use of up-to-date technology, total quality management, product innovations, corporate leadership, professional skill of the employee and research and development. Among the weakness factors, it revealed that the lack of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) facilities is highly significant for the pharmaceutical companies. Increase of income of people, health awareness of people, modern technology, increasing of private hospital, current economic growth, increase of literacy of people, member of LDC and Current WTO-TRIPS Agreement, govt. drug rules and policy, present export/import policy and govt. industrial policy were most reported opportunities factors for sample companies. The threat factors which influence the pharmaceutical activities are unethical marketing of competitor, political instability, high rate of interest, lack of power supply, high corporate tax, price of raw materials, govt. drug rules and policy, WTOTRIPS agreement after 2015, lack of API park, local competitors, lack of modern technology and new entrants. No company has been merged with another company and has made turnarounds, divestiture or elimination of any important operation during last ten years. Only one company has made joint venture business and another company had made acquisitions during last ten years. All the companies considered management of quality as a strategic issue to a great extent. The business and functional level strategies such as product/market growth strategies, R & D strategies, marketing strategies, Human Resource Strategies have been assessed in this study. Among the product/market growth strategies, introducing existing products in new markets was found as the highest level of consideration followed by new products in existing markets, existing products in current markets and new products in new markets. Health awareness programs, free sample distribution to doctors, ethical marketing, regular contact with the doctor, corporate social responsibility and special reward for employee were identified important marketing strategies for the sample companies. The Human Resource Strategies which were found as important factor in this study were- appropriately sized workforce, skilled employee, formal job duties, closely monitoring system, attractive wage system, using performance appraisals, training programmed and the promotion system of the company. This study focuses on organizational performance of the pharmaceutical companies which includes the liquidity determinants, activity focus, profitability indicators, leverage and growth output. Overall, all the financial performance ratios of the sample companies are satisfactory but statistically significant variations were found in all the ratios over the years. This research examined the correlation between the strategic management factors and organizational performance of the sample companies. The result found that the strength factors, opportunity factors, product/market growth strategies, R & D strategies, marketing strategies, human resource strategies are positively correlated with organizational performance. On the other hand, quality management strategies, weakness factors and threat factors are negatively correlated with organizational performance. This study has several implications to the strategic management practices. Firstly, this study has discussed the overall strategic management characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh and will allow all level managers (corporate, business and functional) to compare their strategic management characteristics with other organization. Secondly, this study examined the internal and external factors environmental factors which may impact on the strategic management practices and performances of the organization. Finally, this study finding can be useful for professionals others who want to expand their business into pharmaceutical industry by helping them understand different aspects of this industry.