Browsing by Author "Alam, Janifar"

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Factors shaping female migrants to informal sector in Bangladesh
(2024-12-25) Zaman, Noshin Tasnim; Hossain, Md. Alamgir; Sohel, Md. Salman; Alam, Janifar; Abu Zafar; Nazmul Hasan, Md.; Obaydullah, Mohammad
Due to the majority of recent job growth, the informal economy has continued to expand, especially in developing and transitional nations. Because they are unable to start their businesses or find employment, the majority of people have been moving into the informal sector in place of the formal economy. This study intends to explore factors that affect female migrants to the informal sector in Dhaka, Bangladesh. For this study, the authors used a qualitative approach and utilized neoliberalism and dualism as theoretical framework. To achieve study objectives, the authors conducted 25 semi-structured in-depth interviews, four focus groups, and six months of participant observation. The thematic data analyses were performed using the Granheim approach and NVivo-12 software. The research evidence revealed that participants’ low socioeconomic and educational status primarily influence female migrants’ involvement in this informal sector. The industry’s low entrance barriers and low investment requirements facilitate easy movement. According to the findings, the formal sector frequently requires complex procedures, whereas the informal sector has flexibility, accessibility, and job availability. Consequently, people are drawn to this industry. Most participants stated that they obtained informal employment through their peer networks. The study also discovered that the informal sector is the last destination for the unemployed. However, this article can be used to lay the groundwork for future research as well as to broaden the ongoing conversation about the informal sector, particularly women’s empowerment through informal employment. Moreover, the study findings will be crucial for academicians, policymakers, stakeholders, and development practitioners to prepare a sustainable development policy for informal employment.
Impact of Debt Capital on Firm’s Performance: A Study on the Textile Companies Listed in Dhaka Stock Exchange Limited (DSE)
(2020-11-17) Alam, Quazi Nur; Alam, Janifar; Burman, Susmita Dev; Hoque, Md Tanvirul
¬The combination of a firm’s long-term debt, specific short-term debt, common equity, preferred equity and retained earnings which are used to finance its overall operations is known as capital structure and it is a vital financial decision as it is directly related to the risk and return of a firm. Inappropriate capital structure can lower the firm’s value as it incurs higher cost of capital while effective capital structure decision can do the opposite. A panel data set of ten years from 2010 to 2019 for the selected textile companies listed in Dhaka stock exchange has been used in this study. ROE and ROA are the dependent variables in the analysis, on the other side short-term debt to total assets and long-term debt to total assets are the proxy variables for debt capital. Age, sales growth is used as the control variables. Descriptive analysis, Correlation analysis, Hausman test and Panel Regression have been conducted to test the hypothesis. This study found that there is significant relationship between debt capital and firm performance. Short- term debt to the total asset is positively related to both profit measure ROE and ROA. In contrast, the other variable long-term debt has a negative association to the both ROE and ROA. The literature on this view also supports these findings as long-term debt costly and increases financial distress for the firms. According to the study result, long-term debt is statistically significant in determining the ROA and ROE
Impact Of Foreign Ownership On Firm Performance: Evidence From Listed Banks and Nbfis of Bangladesh
(Inderscience Publishers (IEL), 2024-02) Uddin, Md Kutub; Alam, Quazi Nur; Alam, Janifar; kalam, Abu
This study investigates the impact of foreign ownership structure and firm-specific factors on firm performance using data from 53 banks and NBFIs listed in DSE, Bangladesh. With the help of linear regression analysis, the relationship that has developed between firm performance (measured by Tobin's Q) and independent variables, firm-specific factors and foreign ownership are examined. From the analysis, it is found that foreign ownership has a positive impact on listed banks and NBFIs of Bangladesh. However, minor or major foreign ownership only significantly affects the firm performance. Total assets are positive, and the number of employees (a proxy for firm size) is negatively related to firm performance. The relationship of leverage level with firm performance is negative. A higher level of leverage in capital structure increases the firm's financial risks. Liquidity has a negative relationship with the firm performance of listed banks and NBFIs of Bangladesh.
IMPACT OF GDP, INFLATION, POPULATION GROWTH AND FDI ON UNEMPLOYMENT: A STUDY ON BANGLADESH ECONOMY
(African British Journals, 2020) Alam, Janifar; Alam, Quazi Nur; Hoque, Md Tanvirul
Unemployment is a major problem in almost all of the countries of south Asia. Unemployment has become the consistent crucial problem in Bangladesh. Economic conditions, demographic structure, women contribution, movement of rural to urban are the major causes of unemployment in Bangladesh. Economic growth and unemployment have a negative relation in Bangladesh. This study is performed to see the impact of some crucial macroeconomic factors on the increasing growth rate of unemployment in Bangladesh. For conducting the study, data set of GDPs, inflation, population growth, FDI during the period of 1995-2019 of Bangladesh has been used. To find out the impact of inflation, economic growth, population growth and FDI on unemployment rate this study used the Augmented Dickey Fuller test for Unit Root to check whether variables are stationary or non-stationary. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Inflation, FDI are stationary on level and intercept and unemployment is stationary on first difference. From the augmented dicky fuller test, co linearity and co integration test, least square method it is observed that there is long run relationship exists among the factors and unemployment in Bangladesh. Economic factors like GDP and, FDI have significant influence on unemployment problem in Bangladesh. Theoretically there has a positive relation between unemployment and economic growth. Granger causality test confirms the unidirectional influences come from the unemployment rate to the economic factors as well. This study will help policy makers to modify policy to reduce the unemployment rate in Bangladesh.
Impact of macroeconomic and bank specific variables on spread of interest rate: a study of listed commercial banks in Bangladesh
(Universe PG, 2020-03) Hoque, Md Tanvir; Alam, Janifar; Burman, Susmita Dev; Alam, Quazi Nur
The Banking system of a country provides the lifeblood to the efficient and effective functioning of an economy. Therefore it is crucial to understand the lending and borrowing rates and hence the spread of interest rates in the banking and financial sector. The Spread of Interest rate is the difference between loan rates and the deposit rates of a bank. High-interest rate reflected in the spread of a high-interest rate will immensely disrupt and cause adverse consequences in the whole economy. Both the spread of interest rate and the interest margin show that the intermediation cost is higher in Bangladesh. High-interest margins in a banking system are indicative of deep-rooted symptoms of inefficiency, absence of competition, non-diversification of income sources, and skewed development of money and capital market in favor of banks’ lending and inflexibility of rate adjustments symmetrically in response to market changes. Moreover, a frequent financial scam in Bangladesh has added more troubles in the money market of Bangladesh. For example, Hallmark scam of almost 4000 crore taka of Sonali Bank, a financial scam of Abdul Mannan, CEO of BIFC, amounted to around 950 crore taka, around 4500 crore taka scam of Janata bank and Agrani bank have made our money market and financial market susceptible to failure. These events have some direct or indirect impacts on interest rates. Hence, I have felt the importance of identifying the determinants of the spread of interest rates. Understanding the determinants of the spread of interest rates would enable us to eliminate such unnecessary costs in financial intermediation, which would be the result in operational and administrative efficiency, resulting in financial viability, stability, and economic growth. Therefore, we need to know the determinants of the spread of interest rates. Hence, I have been motivated to study the determinants of interest rate spread and their extent of impacts on interest rate spread.
Prospects and Challenges for Sustainable Tourism: Evidence from South Asian Countries
(2022-11) Alam, Janifar; Alam, Quazi Nur; kalam, Abu
Tourism is one of the world's fastest expanding businesses, as well as a significant source of foreign exchange profits and jobs. The research is based on secondary sources. The facts and information were primarily gathered and analyzed from various published papers and articles. The study goals are to illustrate the current scenario of tourism industry in south Asia, classifies the restraints and recommends helpful key developments to achieve sustainable tourism consequently. The study revealed that major challenges of sustainable tourism in south Asian region are lack of infrastructure facilities, modern and sufficient recreation facilities, security and safety, proper training and HR, proper planning from government, marketing and information, product development, tourism awareness, security and safety, and political instability etc. The study also provides some suggestive measures that for the long-term growth of regional tourism, the government should establish and implement policies involving public and private investment and collaboration.