Browsing by Author "Al Mamun, Abdullah"

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A comparative study on S.S.C (Voc.) and Dakhil (Voc.) students’ performance in Bangladesh
(Department of Technical and Vocational Education, Islamic University of Technology, Board Bazar, Gazipur, Bangladesh, 2017-11-15) Al Mamun, Abdullah
The social, economic and cultural development of any country largely depends upon education, especially technical and vocational education. Governments have taken different various steps to improve quality and to increase the quantity of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates in Bangladesh. Vocational Training course at the secondary level school follows a compulsory formal curriculum combining general skills with occupation-specific education. The success of the school-based training crucially depends on the alignment of skills taught in the schools and application of the skills to the labor market both local and global, and hence requires close collaboration of employers, unions, educational institutions and all other relevant stakeholders. The objectives of this study were to compare student academic performance, identify the problems and prospects of integrated curriculum and other issues at the secondary level S.S.C (Voc.) and Dakhil (Voc.) of High School and Madrasah education respectively in Bangladesh. The null hypotheses were tested by analyzing the data relating to the academic achievement of the selected two groups. Independent sample t-test was applied to determine the significance difference between SSC (Voc.) and Dakhil (Voc.) students as well as to the male and female students. From the analysis it was observed that mean score of SSC (Voc.) students was higher than Dakhil (Voc.) and females had higher mean score than male in both cases. However, there was significance difference between male and female in SSC (Voc.) High Schools, where female students had higher achievement than the male students. Dakhil (Voc.) Madrasah cases same results were found between male and female with respect to their academic achievement. In the statement-wise category percentage, weighted average and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests, it was found that majority of students were not facing difficulties to understand the subject matter except English and competent level of trade subject. They also faced problem with labs, equipment’s and raw materials during their study. The findings of the study may provide useful information to the authorities of TVET as well as to the secondary level executive committee, administrator, teachers of SSC (Voc.) in High Schools and Dakhil (Voc.) in Madrasahs in order to improve student performance and teachers’ technical skills. The study may also help to identify the problems and throw some light on how to overcome the problems related to implementing integrated curriculum and other related institutional facilities.
A New Approach from Public Behavioral Attitudes and Perceptions Towards Microplastics: Influencing Factors, and Policy Proposals
(Elsevier, 2024-07-01) Al Masud, Abdulla; Islam, Abu Reza Md Towfiqul; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Alam, G.M. Monirul; Arabameri, Alireza; Bari, A.B.M. Mainul; Pal, Subodh Chandra; Rakib, Md Refat Jahan; Senapathi, Venkatramanan; Bodrud-Doza, Md.; Idris, Abubakr M.; Malafaia, Guilherme
This research paper addresses the urgent environmental concern of microplastic (MP) emissions, focusing on the behavioral attitudes and perceptions of the general populace in Shyamnagar Upazila, Bangladesh. Against the backdrop of escalating MP pollution globally, this study investigates the level of awareness and the factors influencing public engagement in mitigating MP prevalence. Leveraging survey data from 350 respondents, the ordered logistic regression (OLR) and boosted regression tree (BRT) models are employed for comprehensive data analysis. The findings expose a concerning lack of awareness about MPs, as only 12% of respondents possessed prior knowledge, and a notable 63% remained uninformed about MP pollution. The OLR model reveals a positive correlation between heightened awareness of MPs and an increased willingness to take action. Gender differences become evident, with women exhibiting greater willingness than men to mitigate MP emissions, and environmental practitioners displaying heightened motivation. The BRT model underscores construction materials and industrial pollution as the primary influential factors amplifying MP pollution. These insights not only illuminate the existing scenario but also provide a basis for fostering favorable behavioral attitudes and perceptions to mitigate the prevalence of MPs within the coastal milieu.
A study on campaign evaluation of selected projects of JAAGO Foundation
(BRAC University, 4/26/2016) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Islam, Md. Tamzidul
The project has been started to establish Eco-club in 30 schools of Dhaka City which ultimately aims to promote sustainable development goals and enhance their potentiality for the leadership. The original project design envisioned a three-month period for implementing the desired interventions. However, after completing the planned interventions, an award and project ending program concluded that the project succeeded so far—at the time— in achieving its objectives effectively and delivered outcomes that were worthy of continuation. The Program idea was to establish “Eco Club” in each of the selected schools. The club consisted of 20 students from each school and a governing body to facilitate the club. To make it more sustainable and for monitoring purpose teachers from each school involved with the club. Volunteers of Volunteer for Bangladesh took part in the formation of eco-club to supervise the students. Also, Volunteers of Volunteer for Bangladesh guided the students regarding tree plantation and planted trees in their respective schools with the students of Eco Club. Eco Club will act as a friendly club environment that will distribute waste management materials as well as take care of the school waste and the garden. In addition to this, each of the Eco Club asked to come up with a project on waste management for Inter Eco Club Competitions. Experts from different backgrounds identified the top 5 projects and awarded them through the award ceremony.The objective of this report is to identify outcomes of the project; to examine the effectiveness of the interventions, management practice, and implementation in general; and to investigate the potential for sustaining the activities that were implemented. National Youth Assembly has been a long term dream of JAAGO’s youth development program. The aim of the assembly was to connect the dots, enabling the young volunteers of Volunteer for Bangladesh to learn, experience and grow as true citizens of Bangladesh. The assembly brought 120 delegates from 21 newly elected district boards to hone their leadership skills so that they can go back to their districts and disseminate the knowledge they have learned from the assembly. The districts were- Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Magura,Kustia,Jhinaidha,Jessore Comilla, Sylhet, Moulvibazar, Noakhali, Chandpur, Barisal, Patuakhali, Mymensingh, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Cox’es Bbazar, Bogra, and Brahmanbaria. This assembly was one of a kind in Bangladesh and JAAGO’s history as it brought together distinguished panelists and speakers of different sectors which were of interest to the youth of Bangladesh.
An Analysis of Training and Development Practices of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited
(Daffodil International University, 2018-05) Rahim, Md. Sheikh Abdu; Al Mamun, Abdullah
Executive summary IBBL is one of the largest successful Banks in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh it has good market reputation and market position. This report mainly deals with the existing Analysis of Training and Development of IBBL. Based on my practical knowledge and experience I have made this report. I have surveyed questionnaire among 10 employees of IBBL Dhanmondi Branch.so my also tried to some collection information regarding the particular topic. I have tried various sources like internet, questionnaire, field date etc. My Internship report topic an analysis of training and development practices of islami bank Bangladesh limited, dhanmondi branch. Training and development more effective part of any bank. So this topic training and development is one of more effective significant that every bank. So every bank authority should be proper training and development practices muct needed.
Crops Production Predict Using Machine Learning on Perspective of Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 2022-01) Shaon, Sibli Shadik; Zihad, Md. Ferdous Sarker; Al Mamun, Abdullah
Bangladesh is predominantly agricultural country and the agriculture sector is crucial to the country's economic development. To maintain long-term food security for humans, it is necessary to developing a productive, stable, and ecologically friendly agricultural system. Researchers in agriculture are working hard to develop techniques that will boost livestock and crop yields, improve farmland productivity and minimize the diseases and insect damage. They strive to increase overall food quality and construct more efficient equipment. This research work proposed a system for estimating the production of twelve distinct crops cultivated in Bangladesh's Cumilla and Chandpur districts. This system takes a few simple characteristics as input (district, sub district, crop name, and area) and predicts crop yield as output. Random Forest Regression and Decision Tree Regression are used in this study as advanced regression systems. People will be able to determine which crop will produce the maximum yield on their land by using this approach.
Design and Development of an Online Learning Management System
(Daffodil International University, 2022-01) Danee, Mehedi Hasan; Al Mamun, Abdullah
Any developing country, such as Bangladesh, relies heavily on shilled labor. Their input has the potential to affect the development process. E-learning is a type of learning in which instructional materials are provided for free or at a cheap cost. To reach our goal of resolving our country’s unemployment issue, we designed a web application based on e-learning. Our country’s enormous population of people who are unprepared to handle the challenges of the 21st century. Through our online application, we can convert this weakness into a strength by requiring learners to demonstrate creativity, teamwork, communication and critical thinking skills. Our online application allows users to acquire high quality education & prepare for future problems by providing them with vital course materials. Everyone should take advantage of the opportunity to develop their profession & country. In an e-learning system, the instructor is extremely important. Following is the instructor.
Exploring the Promise of Targeting Ubiquitin-proteasome System to Combat Alzheimer’s Disease
(Neurotoxicity Research, Springer, 2020-03-19) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Uddin, Md. Sahab; Kabir, Md. Tanvir; Khanum, Sayema; Sarwar, Md. Shahid; Mathew, Bijo; Rauf, Abdur; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Md Ashraf, Ghulam
The ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system (UPS) is considered as a central protein degradation system in all eukaryotes. The UPS comprises of several factors such as Ub and Ub-like molecules, Ub hydrolases, E3 Ub ligases, and the proteasome itself. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the dysfunction of UPS plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, current evidence has suggested that the UPS components can be connected with the initial stage of AD that is characterized by synaptic dysfunction, and to the late phases of AD, marked by neurodegeneration. In AD patients, the accumulations of insoluble protein in the brain can be caused by overload or dysfunction of the UPS, or by conformational alterations in the protein substrates that prevent their degradation and recognition by the UPS. Synaptic dysfunction is also caused by defective proteolysis that has found in the initial stage in AD as the UPS is widely recognized to play a pivotal role in the regular activities of synapses. Conversely, its precise cause and pathogenesis are unclear. Presently accepted medicines for AD give symptomatic relief, though they are unable to stop the progression of the disease. Besides, the components of the cellular quality control system demonstrate a significant emphasis on the advancement of targeted and effective treatments for AD. In this review, we focus on the role of UPS in the pathogenesis of AD and highlight how the UPS-linked treatments influence in the management of AD.
Fertility and its proximate determinants in Bangladesh: evidence from the 1993/94 Demographic and Health Survey
(1998-09) Islam, M. Mazharul; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Bairagi, Radeshyam
Foreign Exchange Performance of Southeast Bank Limited
(Daffodil International University, 2020-02-10) Al Mamun, Abdullah
Due to the globalization and control oftechnological innovation and control, the level of banking is changing rapidly throughout the world. Nowadays the banking business is facing more competition globally as well as locally. In order to survive in this competitive banking world banks need to develop appropriate financial structures, develop professionalism in the sense of developing appropriate human resources. As a second generation commercial bank, Southeast Bank Limited has established a breakthrough in the banking community in Bangladesh. The bank extends its activities by offering various quality products and services to its customers. I did an internship at Southeast Bank Limited in the Dhanmondi branch of the intern. My internship report is based on foreign exchange operations in the Southeast Bank. That's why I worked in several departments in that branch. I divided the whole report into four main sections, which are full of information.
Handwritten Changma Numerals Recognition Using Capsule Networks
(2019 5th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering, IEEE, 2019-09-28) Hasan, Md Zahid; Hasan, K. M. Zubair; Hossain, Shakhawat; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Assaduzzaman, Md
Handwritten digit recognition is assumed to be a huge part in numerous authentication applications in the state-of-art technologies. As the manually written digits are not always found in similar size, thickness, style and orientation, recognition of handwritten digits is hardly possible in many cases. To address this recognition tasks using handwritten digits, a great deal of work has been conducted with different image processing technologies on a variety of non-Indic's languages. However, this paper represents a handwritten digit recognition system of recognizing Changma Vaj Digit Recognition (CVDR). The digit recognition approach used in this paper is capsule network, an improved version of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The proposed system has been trained with more than 3440 sample image and been tested with more than 860 images. The proposed paper also presents a graphical comparison between the recognition accuracy performed by CNN and CapsNet, which in other terms demonstrates the supremacy of CapsNet's accuracy by 5.7%.
Health conditions of pregnant women and perinatal mortality in a slum of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
(2007-11-20T06:51:37Z) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Juncker, Therese
Highland communities’ climate change perceptions, climatic shocks and livelihood practices during COVID-19 pandemic
(2024-01-09) Zhang, Xuesong; He, Rundong; Hu, Zhenghua; Md Towfiqul Islam, Abu Reza; Akter, Afsana; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Monirul Alam, G. M.; Nazirul Islam Sarker, Md; Chandra Pal, Subodh; Rahman, Md Mostafizur; Hossain, Md. Emran
Highland areas are more susceptible to climate change impacts. This study investigates the highland communities’ climate change perceptions, climatic hazards, and livelihood practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a multi-stage random sampling technique, survey data were gathered from 425 respondents living in highland areas of Panchagarh district, a drought-prone region in Bangladesh. Perception analysis indicates that most respondents (77%) believe their area's climate has significantly changed over the past 10 years. The bivariate and multivariate regression model results reveal that age, education, income, occupation, land ownership, and socioeconomic status substantially impact local community perceptions of climate change and climatic shocks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, land ownership, socioeconomic level, and crop sowing are also important determinants of erratic rainfall that impacts climate change and shocks during COVID-19. This study suggests the local government get involved and enhance the highland community's ability to adapt to climatic shocks.
Impact of the Use of Social Media Among University Students Using Machine Learning
(2024-06-04) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Anonna Akhy, Shabnur; Mustofa, Sumaya; Mia, Md. Badol; Sarkar, Partha Dip; Chakraborty, Narayan Ranjan; Ali Khan, Md. Abbas
This study explores innovative machine learning approaches to investigate how social media affects student behavior. In this study, we have collected a good number of dataset from different students of our university and cleaned, encoded as well as used feature engineering on our raw dataset through different scikit-learn classes for better training outcomes. We have trained our dataset using different types of classifiers like Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Multi-Layer Perceptron, AdaBoost and Decision Trees Classifiers. We have used k-fold cross-validation for proper evaluation and obtained a high accuracy of 93% for the Gradient Boosting Classifier by analyzing the performance using confusion matrix, representing Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC). This study will play a vital role in controlling the upcoming youngster in using their social media.
INSTITUTIONAL AGRICULTURE INTERVENTIONS ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED COASTAL REGIONS IN BANGLADESH
(©University of Dhaka, 2022-01-31) Al Mamun, Abdullah
The major emphasis of the research was to identify the different institutional interventions available in response to impact of variability and climate change in connection to crop production. The study also focuses on socio-economic condition, coping strategy, relationship between climate change and crop production. The study was conducted in two areas, Dacope in Khulna and Shyamnagar under Satkhira district. Eight villages, 4from each Upazila were selected randomly which had a total population of 5087.Using proportionate random sampling method from different strata of the social system a total of 299 farmers were selected for the study. Both primary and secondary sources were used in conducting the study. Data were collected using both quantitative and qualitative methods between January to June 2017. The different methods applied for data collection included face to face interview; key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussion, and case studies using structured, semi-structured questionnaire and checklists. Both descriptive such as number, percent, frequency, range, mean, standard deviation, rank order and co-efficient variance and inferential statistics such as, Chai-square, correlation and regression, multivariate regression analyses (Logit model) were computed for interpretation of data. In addition, trend analysis (Mann Kandall, Sen’s slope, seasonal analyses, seasonality index, precipitation concentration index,) was engaged. In conducting statistical analysis SPSS (statistical package for social science version 22) was used. The seasonal variation and change of rainfall and temperature during Rabi, Kharif 1 and Kharif 2 was studied. The secondary data in respect to temperature and rainfall was studied during 1996 to 2015 for examining the variation of monthly, every 10 years and every 30 years were analysed. The seasonal variation/trend analysis of climate during Rabi, Kharif 1 and Kharif 2 were studied. In addition to climatic factors, the socio-economic factors such as, age, level of education, farm size, family size, farming experience, family annual income, occupation, marital status, housing condition etc. of farmers were studied. The perception of the farmers about variability and change of climate during the last 20-30 years were analysed. The impact of climate variability and change on crop production, crop damage, changing land use pattern, landscape, and their overall consequences were studied. Interventions implemented by both Government Organizations (GOs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) as well as coping strategy followed for reducing the misery of climate change was studied. The change in the distribution of rainfall during different cropping seasons including temperature and other components of climate was also considered. This change has adverse effect on crop production and livelihoods of coastal people. Due to variability and climate change is causing disasters such as occurrence of cyclone, tidal flood, water logging, erosion of river bank, crop land, and homestead land etc. resulting intrusion of saline water in the crop land and other areas. The farmers are becoming resource-poor as a result of continuous effect of climate change. A good number of Government Organizations (GOs)and Non-Government Organizations(NGOs)are working with climate victims through intervention of various kinds and support services. The Government Organizations (GOs)especially Department of Agricultural Extension(DAE) are mostly found to work with transfer of technology and emphasizing the production of cereal crops while the Non-Government Organizations(NGOs)are concentrating on homestead gardening, awareness raising and capacity building of coastal farmers. In addition, farmers are combating against crop loss and losses of other resources due to climate change using their own coping strategies. Most of the production practices followed by the farmers are found to have relationship with factors of climate change. The inadequate provision of support services from various institutions and poor coordination among the stakeholders results in poor benefit out of the interventions. It is necessary to strengthen research activities for development of more saline resistant varieties, drought, flood etc. at the same time the extension service providers need to strengthen motivation campaign with the farmers. The opportunity for creation of Income Generating Activities (IGAs) by the Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) should explore alternative livelihood means for climate affected resource-poor coastal people. A good number of projects have been implemented by various Government Organizations (GOs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), for the agricultural development. However, absence or no integration among Government Organizations (GOs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) at micro level are not yielding benefit at expected level. Therefore, micro level platform should have linkage with the upper level platform which may foster continuous flow of information between all concerns. Finally, it has been depicted that more attention from Government is required to undertake long term programme approach for ensuring sustainable development of the coastal region in Bangladesh.
Machine Learning Modeling for Car Selling Price Prediction
(Daffodil International University, 23-01-18) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Abdullah, Fatema; Afroz, Sanjida
Forecasting car prices using machine learning (ML) refers to the use of ML algorithms and techniques to make assumptions of the future price of a car. This can be useful for a variety of purposes, such as helping car buyers and sellers make informed decisions, assisting car dealerships with inventory management, or providing insights for car manufacturers and other industry stakeholders. To predict car prices using ML, data is collected on a variety of factors that can affect ongoing costing of a car, such as its make and model, age, mileage, condition, and location. This data is then fed into XGBoost ML model, which uses statistical techniques to analyze the data and identify patterns and trends. The model performs 98% accurately in the tested portion of the dataset and ensures that the model can then be used to make predictions about the future cost of an automobile based on these patterns and trends.
Modelling the Significance of Social Media Marketing Activities, Brand Equity and Loyalty To Predict Consumers' Willingness To Pay Premium Price for Portable Tech Gadgets
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-27) Malarvizhi, Chinnasamy Agamudainambhi; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Jayashree, Sreenivasan; Naznen, Farzana; Abir, Tanvir
In order to sustain business operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, nearly all industries have to adopt online technology and social media marketing activities (SMMAs). Globally, portable tech gadgets are rapidly expanding, but empirical studies on SMMAs in relation to portable tech gadgets in Malaysia have remained scarce. Therefore, this study examined the elements of SMMAs and their influence on brand equity in terms of brand awareness (BBA) and brand image (BBI) as well as brand loyalty (BRL) and willingness to pay premium price (WPP) among Malaysian consumers of portable tech gadgets users. Five components of SMMAs, namely entertainment (ENT), interactivity (INT), trendiness (TRE), customisation (CUS), and electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM), were examined to understand how SMMAs influence BBA, BBI, BRL, and WPP. An online survey was conducted with 1332 Malaysian youths who used social media platforms maintained by portable tech gadget brands as their marketing strategies. The gathered data were evaluated using structural equation modelling. The study's results indicated the significant and positive effects of TRE, CUS, and EWOM on BBA and BBI. INT was revealed to have no significant impact on BBA and BBI. Furthermore, BBI and BBA partially mediated the relationships of the components of SMMAs with WPP. As for the theoretical underpinning, this study used the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model to connect SMMAs (as stimuli), brand equity (as organism), and BRL and WPP (as responses). This study was the first to use the S-O-R model to explore the effects of SMMAs on BRL and WPP in this sector of portable tech gadgets. The study's findings can guide portable tech gadget brands in Malaysia in redesigning and developing the most efficient strategies of SMMAs, which should be tailored to maximise revenues, even during any crisis period (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) when physical marketing activities are deemed difficult.
Potato Disease Detection Using Machine Learning
(2021 Third International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV), IEEE, 2021-03-31) Tarik, Marjanul Islam; Akter, Sadia; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Sattar, Abdus
In Bangladesh potato is one of the major crops. Potato cultivation has been very popular in Bangladesh for the last few decades. But potato production is being hampered due to some diseases which are increasing the cost of farmers in potato production. However, some potato diseases are hampering potato production that is increasing the cost of farmers. Which is disrupting the life of the farmer. An automated and rapid disease detection process to increase potato production and digitize the system. Our main goal is to diagnose potato disease using leaf pictures that we are going to do through advanced machine learning technology. This paper offers a picture that is processing and machine learning based automated systems potato leaf diseases will be identified and classified. Image processing is the best solution for detecting and analyzing these diseases. In this analysis, picture division is done more than 2034 pictures of unhealthy potato and potato's leaf, which is taken from openly accessible plant town information base and a few pre-prepared models are utilized for acknowledgment and characterization of sick and sound leaves. Among them, the program predicts with an accuracy of 99.23% in testing with 25% test data and 75% train data. Our output has shown that machine learning exceeds all existing tasks in potato disease detection.
Predicting the Intention and Adoption of Near Field Communication Mobile Payment
(Daffodil International University, 2022-04-08) Malarvizhi, Chinnasamy Agamudainambi; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Jayashree, Sreenivasan; Naznen, Farzana; Abir, Tanvir
With the increasing use of mobile devices and new technologies, electronic payments, such as near field communication (NFC) mobile payments, are gaining traction and gradually replacing the currency-based cash payment methods. Despite multiple initiatives by various parties to encourage mobile payments, adoption rates in developing countries have remained low. The purpose of this research is to explore the prime determinants of NFC mobile-payment adoption intention and to develop a model of mobile payment adoption that includes perceived risk (PR) as one of the major elements by extending the UTAUT2 theory components. An online survey was used to acquire data from 370 NFC mobile payments users for the current study. To validate the components and their correlations, structural equation modelling (SEM) was implemented. According to the findings, performance expectancy (PE), hedonic motivation (HM), social influence (SI), and facilitating conditions (FC) have substantial impacts on the consumers’ intentions to adopt NFC mobile payments (INFC). Effort expectancy (EE) and PR were reported to have no considerable effects on the adoption intention. In addition, INFC is revealed to be a major mediator between the associations of the actual adoption of NFC mobile payment (ANFC) with PE, HM, and SI. The findings of the study would assist providers and marketers in better understanding of the consumers’ behavior, designing effective marketing strategies to enhance the consumers’ positive intentions, and achieving the mass adoption of NFC mobile payments in different environmental contexts.
Role of Pyroptosis in Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Therapeutic Implications
(European Journal of Pharmacology, Elsevier, 2021-08-05) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Zaeem, Muhammad; Wu, Yanqing; Monalisa, Ilma; Akter, Afroza; Munir, Fahad; Xiao, Jian
Pyro ptosis has recently been established as a term of programmed-inflammatory cell death. Pyro ptosis is mainly divided into two molecular signaling pathways, including caspase-1-dependent canonical and caspase-4/5/11-dependent non-canonical inflammasome pathways. Extensive investigations have reported inflammasome activation facilitates the maturation and secretion of the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β/18 (IL-1β/18), cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and leading to the stimulation of pyro ptosis-mediated cell death. Furthermore, accumulating studies report NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a significant role in triggering the pyro ptosis-mediated cell death and promotes the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Our current review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms of pyro ptosis-signaling pathways and their potential roles in the pathogenesis and impact of DR development. We also emphasize several investigational molecules regulating key steps in pyroptotic-cell death to create new comprehensions and findings to explore the pathogenesis of DR advancement. Our narrative review concisely suggests these potential pharmacological agents could be promising therapies to treat and manage DR in the future.
Simulation of pre-monsoon temperature over Bangladesh using dynamical downscaling with high Resolution wrf-arw model
(Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), 2016-02) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Alam, Prof. Dr. Md. Mahbub
In the present study, the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF-ARW V3.5.1) model have been used to simulate the station wise pre-monsoon temperature during 2010 – 2014 over Bangladesh. The initial and boundary conditions are drawn from the global operational analysis and forecast products of National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP-GFS) available for the public at 1°×1o resolution. The model was configured in single domain, 6 km horizontal grid spacing with 161×183 grids in the east-west and north-south directions and 30 vertical levels. For the simulation of pre-monsoon temperature WSM6-class graupel scheme and Kain-Fritsch (KF) cumulus parameterization (CP) scheme has been used. Initially the model has run for 107 days for long term prediction starting with the initial condition of 0000 UTC of 17 February up to 0000 UTC of 1 June for the period 2010-2014. The model has also run for 72 hours with everyday 0000 UTC initial conditions for 94 days for the prediction of 24, 48 and 72 hours lead time temperature in the pre-monsoon season of 2014. In this research, 2m level temperature have been simulated at 3 hourly interval, then daily and monthly average temperature data have been determined for 24, 48, 72 hour and 107 days during the studied period. This data has been compared with the observed temperature at 33 meteorological stations of BMD. The simulated monthly average temperature of March, April and May 2014 for 24, 48 and 72 hours prediction has been found maximum in the western region whereas observed temperature has been found maximum in the southwestern region of the country. The distribution pattern of observed and model simulated monthly average temperature for 24, 48 and 72 hours prediction are almost similar all over except southeastern region of the country. The difference of observed and simulated temperature lies within 1-2oC all over except southeastern region. The observed temperature is found to be minimum in the northeastern region but 107 days predicted temperature simulated minimum in the southeastern region and the difference lies within 5-6oC in the southeastern region. The correlation coefficients (CC) between observed and simulated temperature have found maximum for 24 hour lead time prediction in the month of March. As the time of the season progresses and also the time of prediction have increased, the CC has decreased all over and this decrease is significant in the southeastern region of the country. 24-72 hour lead time predicted temperatures are in good agreement with the observed temperature.